# To unbundle, run this file
echo intro
sed 's/.//' >intro <<'//GO.SYSIN DD intro'
-.de IR
-\fI\\$1\^\fR\\$2
-..
-.de RI
-\fR\\$1\fI\\$2\^\fR\\$3
-..
-.TL
-INTRODUCTION TO VOLUME 1
-.af PN i
-.pn 3
-.LP
-This volume gives descriptions of the publicly available
-features of the
-.UX
-system.
-It does not attempt to provide perspective or tutorial
-information upon the
-.UX
-operating system,
-its facilities, or its implementation.
-Various documents on those topics are contained in
-Volume 2.
-In particular,
-for an overview see `The
-.UX
-Time-Sharing System'
-by Ritchie and Thompson; for a tutorial see
-`\s8UNIX\s10 for Beginners' by Kernighan.
-.LP
-Within the area it surveys, this volume attempts
-to be timely, complete and concise.
-Where the latter two objectives conflict,
-the obvious is often left unsaid in favor of brevity.
-It is intended that each program be described
-as it is, not as it should be.
-Inevitably, this means that
-various sections will soon be out of date.
-.LP
-The volume is divided into
-eight sections:
-.DS
-1.	Commands
-2.	System calls
-3.	Subroutines
-4.	Special files
-5.	File formats and conventions
-6.	Games
-7.	Macro packages and language conventions
-8.	Maintenance
-.DE
-Commands are programs intended to be invoked directly by
-the user, in contradistinction to subroutines, which are
-intended to be called by the user's programs.
-Commands generally reside in directory
-.I /bin
-(for
-.IR bin \|ary
-programs).
-Some programs also reside in
-.I
-/\|usr/\|bin,
-.R
-to save space in
-.I  /bin.
-These directories are searched automatically by the command interpreter.
-.LP
-System calls are entries into the
-.UX
-supervisor.
-Every system call has one or more C language interfaces
-described in section 2.
-The underlying assembly language interface, coded with opcode
-.I sys,
-a synonym for
-.I trap,
-is given as well.
-.LP
-An assortment
-of subroutines is available;
-they are described in section 3.
-The primary libraries in which they are kept are described in
-.IR intro (3).
-The functions are described in terms of C, but most will
-work with Fortran as well.
-.LP
-The special files section 4 discusses the characteristics of
-each system `file' that actually refers to an I/O device.
-The names in this
-section refer to the DEC device names for the
-hardware,
-instead of the names of
-the special files themselves.
-.LP
-The file formats and conventions section 5 documents the structure of particular
-kinds of files; for example, the form of the output of the loader and
-assembler is given.  Excluded are files used by only one command,
-for example the assembler's intermediate files.
-.LP
-Games have been relegated to section 6 to keep them from contaminating
-the more staid information of section 1.
-.LP
-Section 7 is a miscellaneous collection of information necessary to
-writing in various specialized languages:
-character codes, 
-macro packages for typesetting,
-etc.
-.LP
-The maintenance 
-section 8 discusses procedures not intended
-for use by the ordinary user.
-These procedures often involve use of commands
-of section 1, where an attempt has been made to
-single out peculiarly maintenance-flavored commands
-by marking them 1M.
-.LP
-Each section consists of a number of independent
-entries of a page or so each.
-The name of the entry is in the upper corners of its pages,
-together with the section number, and sometimes a
-letter characteristic of a subcategory, e.g. graphics is 1G,
-and the math library is 3M.
-Entries within each section are
-alphabetized.
-The page numbers of each entry start at 1;
-it is infeasible to number consecutively the pages of 
-a document like this that is republished in many variant forms.
-.LP
-All entries are based on a common format,
-not all of whose subsections will always appear.
-.RS
-.LP
-The
-.I name
-subsection lists the exact names of the commands and subroutines
-covered under the entry and gives
-a very short description of their purpose.
-.LP
-The
-.IR synopsis ""
-summarizes the use of the
-program being described.
-A few conventions are used, particularly in the
-Commands subsection:
-.LP
-.RS
-.B Boldface
-words are considered literals, and
-are typed just as they appear.
-.LP
-Square brackets [ ] around an argument
-indicate that the argument is optional.
-When an argument is given as `name', it always
-refers to a file name.
-.LP
-Ellipses `.\|.\|.' are used to show that the previous argument-prototype
-may be repeated.
-.LP
-A final convention is used by the commands themselves.
-An argument beginning with a minus sign `\-'
-is often taken to mean some sort of option-specifying argument
-even if it appears in a position where a file name
-could appear.  Therefore, it is unwise to have files
-whose names begin with `\-'.
-.LP
-.RE
-The
-.IR description ""
-subsection discusses in detail the subject at hand.
-.LP
-The
-.IR files ""
-subsection gives the names of files which are
-built into the program.
-.LP
-A
-.I
-see also
-.R
-subsection gives pointers to related information.
-.LP
-A
-.I  diagnostics
-subsection discusses
-the diagnostic indications which may be produced.
-Messages which are intended to be self-explanatory
-are not listed.
-.LP
-The
-.IR bugs ""
-subsection gives
-known bugs and sometimes deficiencies.
-Occasionally also the suggested fix is
-described.
-.LP
-In section 2 an
-.I assembler
-subsection carries the assembly language system interface.
-.LP
-.RE
-At the beginning of the volume is a table of contents,
-organized by section and alphabetically within each section.
-There is also a permuted index derived from the table of contents.
-Within each index entry, the title
-of the writeup to which
-it refers is followed by the appropriate section number in parentheses.
-This fact is important because there is considerable
-name duplication among the sections,
-arising principally from commands which
-exist only to exercise a particular system call.
-.SH
-HOW TO GET STARTED
-.LP
-This section sketches the basic information
-you need to get started on \*(UX:
-how to log in and log out,
-how to communicate through your terminal,
-and how to run a program.
-See `\c
-.UX
-for Beginners'
-in Volume 2 for a more complete introduction
-to the system.
-.LP
-.I
-Logging in.\ \ 
-.R
-You must call
-.UX
-from an appropriate terminal.
-.UX
-terminals are typified by the TTY 43,
-the GE Terminet 300, the DASI 300S and 450, and most
-video terminals such as
-the Datamedia 5120 or HP 2640.
-You must also have a valid user name,
-which may be obtained, together with the telephone number, from the system administrators.
-The same telephone number
-serves terminals operating at all the standard speeds.
-After a data connection is established,
-the login procedure depends on what kind of terminal
-you are using.
-.I
-.I
-.R
-.R
-.LP
-.I
-300-baud terminals:\ \ 
-.R
-Such terminals include the GE Terminet 300 and most display terminals
-run with popular modems.
-These terminals generally have a speed
-switch which should be set at `300' (or `30' for
-30 characters per second)
-and a half/full duplex switch which should be set at
-full-duplex.
-(This switch will often have to be changed
-since many other systems require half-duplex).
-When a connection is established, the system
-types `login:'; you type your
-user name, followed by the `return' key.
-If you have a password, the system asks for it
-and turns off the printer on the terminal
-so the password will not appear.
-After you have logged in,
-the `return', `new line', or `linefeed' keys
-will give exactly the same results.
-.LP
-.I
-1200- and 150-baud terminals:\ \ 
-.R
-If there is a half/full duplex switch, set it at full-duplex.
-When you have established a data connection,
-the system types out a few garbage characters
-(the `login:' message at the wrong speed).
-Depress the `break' (or `interrupt')
-key; this is a speed-independent signal
-to
-.UX
-that a different speed terminal
-is in use.
-The system then will type `login:,' this time at another
-speed.
-Continue depressing the break key
-until `login:' appears in clear, then
-respond with your user name.
-From the TTY 37 terminal, and any other which has the `newline'
-function (combined carriage return and linefeed), terminate each line you type with the
-`new line' key,
-otherwise use the `return' key.
-.LP
-.I
-Hard-wired terminals.\ \ 
-.R
-Hard-wired terminals usually begin at the right
-speed, up to 9600 baud; otherwise the preceding instructions
-apply.
-.LP
-For all these terminals, it is important
-that you type your name in lower-case if possible; if you type
-upper-case letters,
-.UX
-will assume that your terminal cannot generate lower-case
-letters and will translate all subsequent upper-case
-letters to lower case.
-.LP
-The evidence that you have successfully
-logged in is that the Shell program
-will type a `$' to you.
-(The Shell is described below under
-`How to run a program.')
-.LP
-For more information, consult
-.IR stty (1),
-which tells how to adjust terminal behavior,
-.IR getty (8),
-which discusses the login sequence in more
-detail, and
-.IR tty(4),
-which discusses terminal I/O.
-.LP
-.I
-Logging out.\ \ 
-.R
-There are three ways to log out:
-.IP
-You can simply hang up the phone.
-.IP
-You can log out by typing an end-of-file indication
-(EOT character, control-d) to the Shell.
-The Shell will terminate and the `login: ' message
-will appear again.
-.IP
-You can also log in directly as another user
-by giving a
-.IR login (1)
-command.
-.LP
-.I
-How to communicate through your terminal.\ \ 
-.R
-When you type characters, a gnome deep in the system
-gathers your characters and saves them in a secret
-place.
-The
-characters will not be given to a program
-until you type a return (or newline), as described above
-in
-.I
-Logging in.
-.R
-.LP
-.UX
-terminal I/O is full-duplex.
-It has full read-ahead, which means that you can
-type at any time,
-even while a program is
-typing at you.
-Of course, if you type during output, the printed output will
-have the input characters interspersed.
-However, whatever you type will be saved
-up and interpreted in correct sequence.
-There is a limit to the amount of read-ahead,
-but it is generous and not likely to be exceeded unless
-the system is in trouble.
-When the read-ahead limit is exceeded, the system
-throws away all the saved characters.
-.LP
-The character `@' in typed input
-kills all the preceding characters in the line, so
-typing mistakes
-can be repaired on a single line.
-Also, the character `#' erases the last character typed.
-Successive uses of `#' erase characters back to, but
-not beyond, the beginning of the line.
-`@' and `#' can be transmitted to a program
-by preceding them with `\\'.
-(So, to erase `\\', you need two `#'s).
-These conventions can be changed by the
-.IR stty (1)
-command.
-.LP
-The `break' or `interrupt' key causes an
-.I
-interrupt signal,
-.R
-as does the
-The \s8ASCII\s10 `delete' (or `rubout') character,
-which is not passed to programs.
-This signal
-generally causes whatever program
-you are running to terminate.
-It is typically used to stop a long printout that
-you don't want.
-However, programs can arrange either to ignore
-this signal altogether,
-or to be notified when it happens (instead
-of being terminated).
-The editor, for example, catches interrupts and
-stops what it is doing,
-instead of terminating, so that an interrupt can
-be used to halt an editor printout without
-losing the file being edited.
-.LP
-The
-.IR quit ""
-signal is generated
-by typing the \s8ASCII\s10 FS character.
-(FS appears many places on different terminals, most commonly
-as control-\e or control-\^|\^.)
-It not only causes a running program to terminate
-but also generates a file with the core image
-of the terminated process.
-Quit is useful
-for debugging.
-.LP
-Besides adapting to the speed of the terminal,
-.UX
-tries to be intelligent about whether
-you have a terminal with the newline function
-or whether it must be simulated with carriage-return
-and line-feed.
-In the latter case, all input carriage returns
-are turned to newline characters (the standard
-line delimiter)
-and both a carriage return and a line feed
-are echoed to the terminal.
-If you get into the wrong mode, the
-.IR stty (1)
-command will rescue you.
-.LP
-Tab characters are used freely in
-.UX
-source programs.
-If your terminal does not have the tab function,
-you can arrange to have them turned into spaces
-during output, and echoed as spaces
-during input.
-The system assumes
-that tabs are set every eight columns.
-Again, the
-.IR stty (1)
-command will set or reset this mode.
-Also, the command
-.IR tabs (1)
-will set the tab stops automatically on many terminals.
-.LP
-.I
-How to run a program; the Shell.\ \ 
-.R
-When you have successfully logged in, a program
-called the Shell is listening to your terminal.
-The Shell reads typed-in lines, splits them up
-into a command name and arguments, and executes the command.
-A command is simply an executable program.
-The Shell looks first in your current directory
-(see below)
-for a program with the given name,
-and if none is there, then in a system directory.
-There is nothing special about system-provided
-commands except that they are kept in a directory
-where the Shell can find them.
-.LP
-The command name is always the first word on an input line;
-it and its arguments are separated from one another by
-spaces.
-.LP
-When a program terminates, the Shell will ordinarily regain control and type 
-a `$' at you to indicate that it is ready for another command.
-.LP
-The Shell has many other capabilities, which are described in detail in section
-.IR sh (1).
-.LP
-.I
-The current directory.\ \ 
-.R
-.UX
-has a file system arranged in a hierarchy of directories.
-When the system administrator gave you a user name,
-he also created a directory for you (ordinarily
-with the same name as your user name).
-When you log in, any file
-name you type is by default
-in this directory.
-Since you are the owner of this directory, you have
-full permission to read, write, alter, or destroy
-its contents.
-Permissions to have your will with other directories
-and files will have been granted or denied to you
-by their owners.
-As a matter of observed fact, few
-.UX
-users
-protect their files from destruction,
-let alone perusal, by other users.
-.LP
-To change the
-current directory (but not the set of permissions you
-were endowed with at login) use
-.IR cd (1).
-.LP
-.I
-Path names.\ \ 
-.R
-To refer to files not in the current directory, you must
-use a path name.
-Full path names begin with `/', the name of the root directory of the
-whole file system.
-After the slash comes the name of each directory containing the next
-sub-directory (followed by a `/') until finally the
-file name is reached.
-For example,
-.I
-/\^usr/\^lem/\^filex
-.R
-refers to the file
-.I
-filex
-.R
-in the directory
-.I
-lem; lem
-.R
-is itself a subdirectory of
-.I
-usr; usr
-.R
-springs directly from the root directory.
-.LP
-If your current directory has subdirectories,
-the path names of files therein begin with
-the name of the subdirectory with no prefixed `/'.
-.LP
-A path name may be used anywhere a file name is
-required.
-.LP
-Important commands which modify the contents of files
-are
-.IR cp (1),
-.IR mv (1),
-and
-.IR rm (1),
-which respectively copy, move (i.e. rename) and remove files.
-To find out the status of files or directories, use 
-.IR ls (1).
-See
-.IR mkdir (1)
-for making directories and
-.I
-rmdir
-.R
-(in
-.IR rm (1))
-for destroying them.
-.LP
-For a fuller discussion of the file system, see
-`The
-.UX
-Time-Sharing System,'
-by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie.
-It may also be useful to glance through
-section 2 of this manual, which discusses
-system calls, even if you don't intend
-to deal with the system at that level.
-.LP
-.I
-Writing a program.\ \ 
-.R
-To enter the text of a source program into a
-.UX
-file, use
-the editor
-.IR ed (1).
-The three principal languages in
-.UX
-are
-provided by the C compiler
-.IR cc (1),
-the Fortran compiler
-.IR f77 (1),
-and the assembler
-.IR as (1).
-After the program text has been entered through 
-the editor
-and written on a file, you can give the file
-to the appropriate language processor as an argument.
-The output of the language processor
-will be left on a file in the current directory named `a.out'.
-(If the output is precious, use
-.I mv
-to move it to a less
-exposed name soon.)\ 
-If you wrote in assembly language, you will probably
-need to load the program with library subroutines; see
-.IR ld (1).
-The other two language processors call
-the loader automatically.
-.LP
-When you have finally gone through this entire process
-without provoking any diagnostics, the resulting program
-can be run by giving its name to the Shell
-in response to the `$' prompt.
-.LP
-Your programs can receive arguments from the command line
-just as system programs do,
-see
-.IR exec (2).
-.LP
-.I
-Text processing.\ \ 
-.R
-Almost all text is entered through the editor
-.IR ed (1).
-The commands most often used to write text on a terminal are:
-.I
-cat, pr, roff
-.R
-and
-.I nroff,
-all in section 1.
-.LP
-The
-.I cat
-command simply dumps \s8ASCII\s10 text
-on the terminal, with no processing at all.
-The
-.IR pr ""
-command paginates the text, supplies headings,
-and has a facility for multi-column output.
-.I
-Nroff
-.R
-is an elaborate text formatting program.
-Used naked, it requires careful forethought, but for
-ordinary documents it has been tamed;
-see
-.IR ms (7).
-.I Roff
-is a simpler text formatting
-program, and requires somewhat less forethought.
-.I
-.LP
-.I Troff
-prepares documents for a
-Graphics Systems phototypesetter;
-it is very similar to 
-.I nroff,
-and often works from exactly the same
-source text.
-It was used to produce this manual.
-.LP
-.I
-Status inquiries.\ \ 
-.R
-Various commands exist to provide you with useful
-information.
-.IR Who (1)
-prints a list of users presently logged in.
-.IR Date (1)
-prints the current time and date.
-.IR Ls (1)
-will list the files in your directory or give
-summary information about particular files.
-.LP
-.I
-Surprises.\ \ 
-.R
-Certain commands provide inter-user communication.
-Even if you do not plan to use them, it would be
-well to learn something about them, because someone else may
-aim them at you.
-.LP
-To communicate with another user currently logged in,
-.IR write (1)
-is used;
-.IR mail (1)
-will leave a message whose presence will be announced
-to another user when he next logs in.
-The write-ups in the manual also suggest how to respond to
-the two commands if you are a target.
-.LP
-When you log in, a message-of-the-day may greet you
-before the first `$'.
-.SH
-CONVERTING FROM THE 6TH EDITION
-.LP
-There follows a catalogue of significant, mostly incompatible,
-changes that will affect old users converting to the 7th edition.
-No attempt is made to list all new facilities, or even all
-minor, but easily spotted changes,
-just the bare essentials without which it will be
-almost impossible to do anything.
-.LP
-.I
-Addressing files.\ \ 
-.R
-Byte addresses in files are now long (32-bit) integers.
-Accordingly
-.I seek
-has been replaced by
-.IR lseek (2).
-Every program that contains a 
-.I seek
-must be modified.
-.I Stat
-and
-.IR fstat (2)
-have been affected similarly, since file lengths are now
-32- rather than 24-bit quantities.
-.LP
-.I
-Assembly language.\ \ 
-.R
-System entry points are no longer built in symbols.
-Their values must be obtained from
-.I /usr/include/sys.s,
-see
-.IR intro (2).
-All system calls modify r0.
-This means that sequences like
-.DS
-mov	file,r0
-sys	lseek,0,0,2
-sys	write,buf,n
-.DE
-will no longer work.
-(In fact, 
-.I lseek
-now modifies r1 as well, so be doubly cautious.)
-.LP
-The
-.IR sleep (2)
-entry point is gone; see the more general facility,
-.IR alarm,
-plus
-.I pause.
-.LP
-Few library functions have assembly language entry points any more.
-You will have to simulate the C calling sequence.
-.LP
-.I
-Stty and gtty.\ \ 
-.R
-These system calls have been extensively altered,
-see
-.IR ioctl (2)
-and
-.IR tty (4).
-.LP
-.I
-Archive files.\ \ 
-.R
-The format of files produced by
-.IR ar (1)
-has been altered.
-To convert to the new style, use
-.IR arcv (1).
-.LP
-.I 
-C language, lint.\ \ 
-.R
-The official syntax for initialization
-requires an equal sign = before an initializer,
-and brackets { } around compound initial values;
-arrays and structures are now initialized honestly.
-Two-address operators, such as =+ and =-, are now written
-+= and -= to avoid ambiguities, although the old
-style is still accepted.
-You will also certainly want to learn about
-.DS
-long integers
-type definitions
-casts (for type conversion)
-unions (for more honest storage sharing)
-#include <filename> (which searches in standard places)
-.DE
-.LP
-The program
-.IR lint (1)
-checks for obsolete syntax and
-does strong type checking of C programs, singly
-or in groups that are expected to be loaded together.
-It is indispensable for conversion work.
-.LP
-.I Fortran.\ \ 
-The old 
-.I fc
-is replaced by
-.I f77,
-a true compiler for Fortran 77,
-compatible with C.
-There are substantial changes in the language;
-see `A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler' in Volume 2.
-.LP
-.I
-Stream editor.\ \ 
-.R
-The program
-.IR sed (1)
-is adapted to massive, repetitive
-editing jobs of the sort encountered in converting to
-the new system.
-It is well worth learning.
-.LP
-.I
-Standard I/O.\ \ 
-.R
-The old 
-.I
-fopen, getc, putc
-.R
-complex and the old
-.I \-lp
-package are both dead,
-and even
-.I getchar
-has changed.
-All have been replaced by the clean, highly efficient,
-.IR stdio (3)
-package.
-The first things to know are that
-.IR getchar (3)
-returns the integer EOF (\-1), which is not a possible byte value,
-on end of file, that 518-byte buffers are out, and that there
-is a defined FILE data type.
-.LP
-.I Make.\ \ 
-The program
-.IR make (1)
-handles the recompilation and loading of
-software in an orderly way from
-a `makefile' recipe given for each piece of software.
-It remakes only as much as the modification dates of the input files
-show is necessary.
-The makefiles will guide you in building your new system.
-.LP
-.I
-Shell, chdir.\ \ 
-.R
-F. L. Bauer once said Algol 68 is the Everest that
-must be climbed by every computer scientist because
-it is there.
-So it is with the shell for
-.UX
-users.
-Everything beyond simple command invocation from a terminal is
-different.
-Even
-.I chdir
-is now spelled
-.I cd.
-You will want to study
-.IR sh (1)
-long and hard.
-.LP
-.I Debugging.\ \ 
-.IR Adb (1)
-is a far more capable replacement for the debugger
-.I db.
-The first-time user should be especially careful about
-distinguishing / and ? in
-.I adb
-commands, and watching to make sure that the
-.I x
-whose value he asked for is the real
-.I x,
-and not just some absolute location equal to the stack offset
-of some automatic
-.I x.
-You can always use the `true' name,
-.I _x,
-to pin down a C external variable.
-.LP
-.I Dsw.
-This little-known, but indispensable facility has been
-taken over by
-.I
-rm \-ri.
-.LP
-.I
-Boot procedures.\ \ 
-.R
-Needless to say, these are all different.
-See section 8 of this volume, and
-`Setting up \s8UNIX\s10' in Volume 2.
//GO.SYSIN DD intro
echo permindex
sed 's/.//' >permindex <<'//GO.SYSIN DD permindex'
-.xx "" "" "abort \- generate IOT fault" "" abort(3)
-.xx "" "" "abs \- integer absolute value" "" abs(3)
-.xx "" "fabs, floor, ceil \-" "absolute value, floor, ceiling functions" "" floor(3)
-.xx "" "" "ac \- login accounting" "" ac(1)
-.xx "" "" "access \- determine accessibility of file" "" access(2)
-.xx "" "phys \- allow a process to" "access physical addresses" "" phys(2)
-.xx "" "access \- determine" "accessibility of file" "" access(2)
-.xx "" "ac \- login" "accounting" "" ac(1)
-.xx "" "sa, accton \- system" "accounting" "" sa(1)
-.xx "" "acct \- execution" "accounting file" "" acct(5)
-.xx "" "acct \- turn" "accounting on or off" "" acct(2)
-.xx "" "sa," "accton \- system accounting" "" sa(1)
-.xx "" "sin, cos, tan, asin," "acos, atan, atan2 \- trigonometric functions" "" sin(3)
-.xx "" "dn \- DN-11" "ACU interface" "" dn(4)
-.xx "" "" "adb \- debugger" "" adb(1)
-.xx "" "phys \- allow a process to access physical" "addresses" "" phys(2)
-.xx "" "basename \- strip filename" "affixes" "" basename(1)
-.xx "" "plot: openpl et" "al. \- graphics interface" "" plot(3)
-.xx "" "" "alarm \- schedule signal after specified time" "" alarm(2)
-.xx "" "brk, sbrk, break \- change core" "allocation" "" brk(2)
-.xx "" "malloc, free, realloc, calloc \- main memory" "allocator" "" malloc(3)
-.xx "" "lex \- generator of lexical" "analysis programs" "" lex(1)
-.xx "" "bcd, ppt \- convert to" "antique media" "" bcd(6)
-.xx "" "" "a.out \- assembler and link editor output" "" a.out(5)
-.xx "" "" "ar \- archive and library maintainer" "" ar(1)
-.xx "" "" "ar \- archive (library) file format" "" ar(5)
-.xx "" "bc \-" "arbitrary-precision arithmetic language" "" bc(1)
-.xx "" "tp \- manipulate tape" "archive" "" tp(1)
-.xx "" "ar \-" "archive and library maintainer" "" ar(1)
-.xx "" "ar \-" "archive (library) file format" "" ar(5)
-.xx "" "tar \- tape" "archiver" "" tar(1)
-.xx "" "arcv \- convert" "archives to new format" "" arcv(1)
-.xx "" "echo \- echo" "arguments" "" echo(1)
-.xx "" "expr \- evaluate" "arguments as an expression" "" expr(1)
-.xx "" "pow, gcd, rpow \- multiple precision integer" "arithmetic" "/msub, mult, mdiv, min, mout," mp(3)
-.xx "" "" "arithmetic \- provide drill in number facts" "" arithmetic(6)
-.xx "" "bc \- arbitrary-precision" "arithmetic language" "" bc(1)
-.xx "" "" "as \- assembler" "" as(1)
-.xx "" "asctime, timezone \- convert date and time to" "ASCII" "ctime, localtime, gmtime," ctime(3)
-.xx "" "" "ascii \- map of ASCII character set" "" ascii(7)
-.xx "" "atof, atoi, atol \- convert" "ASCII to numbers" "" atof(3)
-.xx "ASCII" "ctime, localtime, gmtime," "asctime, timezone \- convert date and time to" "" ctime(3)
-.xx "functions" "sin, cos, tan," "asin, acos, atan, atan2 \- trigonometric" "" sin(3)
-.xx "" "as \-" "assembler" "" as(1)
-.xx "" "a.out \-" "assembler and link editor output" "" a.out(5)
-.xx "" "" "assert \- program verification" "" assert(3)
-.xx "" "setbuf \-" "assign buffering to a stream" "" setbuf(3)
-.xx "" "" "at \- execute commands at a later time" "" at(1)
-.xx "" "sin, cos, tan, asin, acos," "atan, atan2 \- trigonometric functions" "" sin(3)
-.xx "" "" "atof, atoi, atol \- convert ASCII to numbers" "" atof(3)
-.xx "" "wait \-" "await completion of process" "" wait(1)
-.xx "language" "" "awk \- pattern scanning and processing" "" awk(1)
-.xx "" "" "backgammon \- the game" "" backgammon(6)
-.xx "" "" "banner \- make long posters" "" banner(6)
-.xx "" "" "bas \- basic" "" bas(1)
-.xx "" "store, delete, firstkey, nextkey \- data" "base subroutines" "dbminit, fetch," dbm(3)
-.xx "" "" "basename \- strip filename affixes" "" basename(1)
-.xx "" "bas \-" "basic" "" bas(1)
-.xx "" "" "bc \- arbitrary-precision arithmetic language" "" bc(1)
-.xx "" "" "bcd, ppt \- convert to antique media" "" bcd(6)
-.xx "" "cb \- C program" "beautifier" "" cb(1)
-.xx "" "j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn \-" "bessel functions" "" j0(3)
-.xx "" "fread, fwrite \- buffered" "binary input/output" "" fread(3)
-.xx "" "" "bj \- the game of black jack" "" bj(6)
-.xx "" "sync \- update the super" "block" "" sync(1)
-.xx "" "sync \- update super-" "block" "" sync(2)
-.xx "" "update \- periodically update the super" "block" "" update(8)
-.xx "" "sum \- sum and count" "blocks in a file" "" sum(1)
-.xx "" "ching, fortune \- the" "book of changes and other cookies" "" ching(6)
-.xx "" "" "boot \- startup procedures" "" boot(8)
-.xx "" "brk, sbrk," "break \- change core allocation" "" brk(2)
-.xx "export, login,/" "sh, for, case, if, while," "break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit," "" sh(1)
-.xx "" "" "brk, sbrk, break \- change core allocation" "" brk(2)
-.xx "" "fread, fwrite \-" "buffered binary input/output" "" fread(3)
-.xx "" "stdio \- standard" "buffered input/output package" "" stdio(3)
-.xx "" "setbuf \- assign" "buffering to a stream" "" setbuf(3)
-.xx "" "mknod \-" "build special file" "" mknod(1)
-.xx "" "l3tol, ltol3 \- convert between 3-" "byte integers and long integers" "" l3tol(3)
-.xx "" "swab \- swap" "bytes" "" swab(3)
-.xx "" "cc, pcc \-" "C compiler" "" cc(1)
-.xx "" "cb \-" "C program beautifier" "" cb(1)
-.xx "" "lint \- a" "C program verifier" "" lint(1)
-.xx "" "hypot," "cabs \- euclidean distance" "" hypot(3)
-.xx "" "" "cal \- print calendar" "" cal(1)
-.xx "" "dc \- desk" "calculator" "" dc(1)
-.xx "" "cal \- print" "calendar" "" cal(1)
-.xx "" "" "calendar \- reminder service" "" calendar(1)
-.xx "" "indir \- indirect system" "call" "" indir(2)
-.xx "" "cu \-" "call UNIX" "" cu(1)
-.xx "" "malloc, free, realloc," "calloc \- main memory allocator" "" malloc(3)
-.xx "" "intro, errno \- introduction to system" "calls and error numbers" "" intro(2)
-.xx "exec, exit, export, login, newgrp,/" "sh, for," "case, if, while, break, continue, cd, eval," "" sh(1)
-.xx "" "" "cat \- catenate and print" "" cat(1)
-.xx "" "" "cat \- phototypesetter interface" "" cat(4)
-.xx "" "signal \-" "catch or ignore signals" "" signal(2)
-.xx "" "cat \-" "catenate and print" "" cat(1)
-.xx "" "" "cb \- C program beautifier" "" cb(1)
-.xx "" "" "cc, pcc \- C compiler" "" cc(1)
-.xx "" "" "cd \- change working directory" "" cd(1)
-.xx "" "sh, for, case, if, while, break, continue," "cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, newgrp,/" "" sh(1)
-.xx "functions" "fabs, floor," "ceil \- absolute value, floor, ceiling" "" floor(3)
-.xx "" "brk, sbrk, break \-" "change core allocation" "" brk(2)
-.xx "" "chdir \-" "change default directory" "" chdir(2)
-.xx "" "passwd \-" "change login password" "" passwd(1)
-.xx "" "chmod \-" "change mode" "" chmod(1)
-.xx "" "chmod \-" "change mode of file" "" chmod(2)
-.xx "" "chown \-" "change owner and group of a file" "" chown(2)
-.xx "" "chown, chgrp \-" "change owner or group" "" chown(1)
-.xx "" "cd \-" "change working directory" "" cd(1)
-.xx "" "ching, fortune \- the book of" "changes and other cookies" "" ching(6)
-.xx "" "pipe \- create an interprocess" "channel" "" pipe(2)
-.xx "" "ungetc \- push" "character back into input stream" "" ungetc(3)
-.xx "" "ispunct, isprint, iscntrl, isascii \-" "character classification" "/isalnum, isspace," ctype(3)
-.xx "" "eqnchar \- special" "character definitions for eqn" "" eqnchar(7)
-.xx "" "getc, getchar, fgetc, getw \- get" "character or word from stream" "" getc(3)
-.xx "" "putc, putchar, fputc, putw \- put" "character or word on a stream" "" putc(3)
-.xx "" "ascii \- map of ASCII" "character set" "" ascii(7)
-.xx "" "tr \- translate" "characters" "" tr(1)
-.xx "" "" "chdir \- change default directory" "" chdir(2)
-.xx "" "dcheck \- file system directory consistency" "check" "" dcheck(1)
-.xx "" "icheck \- file system storage consistency" "check" "" icheck(1)
-.xx "" "eqn, neqn," "checkeq \- typeset mathematics" "" eqn(1)
-.xx "" "" "checkers \- game" "" checkers(6)
-.xx "" "chess \- the game of" "chess" "" chess(6)
-.xx "" "chown," "chgrp \- change owner or group" "" chown(1)
-.xx "other cookies" "" "ching, fortune \- the book of changes and" "" ching(6)
-.xx "" "" "chmod \- change mode" "" chmod(1)
-.xx "" "" "chmod \- change mode of file" "" chmod(2)
-.xx "" "" "chown \- change owner and group of a file" "" chown(2)
-.xx "" "" "chown, chgrp \- change owner or group" "" chown(1)
-.xx "" "isprint, iscntrl, isascii \- character" "classification" "/isalnum, isspace, ispunct," ctype(3)
-.xx "" "clri \-" "clear i-node" "" clri(1)
-.xx "" "feof, ferror," "clearerr, fileno \- stream status inquiries" "" ferror(3)
-.xx "" "cron \-" "clock daemon" "" cron(8)
-.xx "" "" "close \- close a file" "" close(2)
-.xx "" "fclose, fflush \-" "close or flush a stream" "" fclose(3)
-.xx "" "" "clri \- clear i-node" "" clri(1)
-.xx "" "" "cmp \- compare two files" "" cmp(1)
-.xx "" "" "col \- filter reverse line feeds" "" col(1)
-.xx "sorted files" "" "comm \- select or reject lines common to two" "" comm(1)
-.xx "" "system \- issue a shell" "command" "" system(3)
-.xx "" "test \- condition" "command" "" test(1)
-.xx "" "time \- time a" "command" "" time(1)
-.xx "" "nice, nohup \- run a" "command at low priority" "" nice(1)
-.xx "" "uux \- unix to unix" "command execution" "" uux(1)
-.xx "" "set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait \-" "command language" "/newgrp, read, readonly," sh(1)
-.xx "" "intro \- introduction to" "commands" "" intro(1)
-.xx "" "at \- execute" "commands at a later time" "" at(1)
-.xx "" "comm \- select or reject lines" "common to two sorted files" "" comm(1)
-.xx "" "diff \- differential file" "comparator" "" diff(1)
-.xx "" "cmp \-" "compare two files" "" cmp(1)
-.xx "" "diff3 \- 3-way differential file" "comparison" "" diff3(1)
-.xx "" "cc, pcc \- C" "compiler" "" cc(1)
-.xx "" "f77 \- Fortran 77" "compiler" "" f77(1)
-.xx "" "yacc \- yet another compiler-" "compiler" "" yacc(1)
-.xx "" "wait \- await" "completion of process" "" wait(1)
-.xx "" "test \-" "condition command" "" test(1)
-.xx "" "mkconf \- generate" "configuration tables" "" mkconf(1)
-.xx "" "dcheck \- file system directory" "consistency check" "" dcheck(1)
-.xx "" "icheck \- file system storage" "consistency check" "" icheck(1)
-.xx "" "mkfs \-" "construct a file system" "" mkfs(1)
-.xx "" "deroff \- remove nroff, troff, tbl and eqn" "constructs" "" deroff(1)
-.xx "" "ls \- list" "contents of directory" "" ls(1)
-.xx "login,/" "sh, for, case, if, while, break," "continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export," "" sh(1)
-.xx "" "ioctl, stty, gtty \-" "control device" "" ioctl(2)
-.xx "" "init, rc \- process" "control initialization" "" init(8)
-.xx "" "terminals\-" "conventional names" "" term(7)
-.xx "" "ecvt, fcvt, gcvt \- output" "conversion" "" ecvt(3)
-.xx "" "printf, fprintf, sprintf \- formatted output" "conversion" "" printf(3)
-.xx "" "scanf, fscanf, sscanf \- formatted input" "conversion" "" scanf(3)
-.xx "" "units \-" "conversion program" "" units(1)
-.xx "" "dd \-" "convert and copy a file" "" dd(1)
-.xx "" "arcv \-" "convert archives to new format" "" arcv(1)
-.xx "" "atof, atoi, atol \-" "convert ASCII to numbers" "" atof(3)
-.xx "integers" "l3tol, ltol3 \-" "convert between 3-byte integers and long" "" l3tol(3)
-.xx "" "localtime, gmtime, asctime, timezone \-" "convert date and time to ASCII" "ctime," ctime(3)
-.xx "" "bcd, ppt \-" "convert to antique media" "" bcd(6)
-.xx "" "fortune \- the book of changes and other" "cookies" "ching," ching(6)
-.xx "" "cp \-" "copy" "" cp(1)
-.xx "" "uucp, uulog \- unix to unix" "copy" "" uucp(1)
-.xx "" "dd \- convert and" "copy a file" "" dd(1)
-.xx "" "" "core \- format of core image file" "" core(5)
-.xx "" "brk, sbrk, break \- change" "core allocation" "" brk(2)
-.xx "" "core \- format of" "core image file" "" core(5)
-.xx "" "mem, kmem \-" "core memory" "" mem(4)
-.xx "trigonometric functions" "sin," "cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 \-" "" sin(3)
-.xx "" "sinh," "cosh, tanh \- hyperbolic functions" "" sinh(3)
-.xx "" "wc \- word" "count" "" wc(1)
-.xx "" "sum \- sum and" "count blocks in a file" "" sum(1)
-.xx "" "" "cp \- copy" "" cp(1)
-.xx "" "" "crash \- what to do when the system crashes" "" crash(8)
-.xx "" "" "creat \- create a new file" "" creat(2)
-.xx "" "pipe \-" "create an interprocess channel" "" pipe(2)
-.xx "" "umask \- set file" "creation mode mask" "" umask(2)
-.xx "" "" "cron \- clock daemon" "" cron(8)
-.xx "" "" "crypt \- encode/decode" "" crypt(1)
-.xx "" "" "crypt, setkey, encrypt \- DES encryption" "" crypt(3)
-.xx "\- convert date and time to ASCII" "" "ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, timezone" "" ctime(3)
-.xx "" "" "cu \- call UNIX" "" cu(1)
-.xx "" "ttt," "cubic \- tic-tac-toe" "" ttt(6)
-.xx "" "spline \- interpolate smooth" "curve" "" spline(1)
-.xx "" "cron \- clock" "daemon" "" cron(8)
-.xx "" "prof \- display profile" "data" "" prof(1)
-.xx "" "ttys \- terminal initialization" "data" "" ttys(5)
-.xx "" "fetch, store, delete, firstkey, nextkey \-" "data base subroutines" "dbminit," dbm(3)
-.xx "" "null \-" "data sink" "" null(4)
-.xx "" "types \- primitive system" "data types" "" types(5)
-.xx "" "join \- relational" "database operator" "" join(1)
-.xx "" "du, dp \- DU-11 201" "data-phone interface" "" du(4)
-.xx "" "date \- print and set the" "date" "" date(1)
-.xx "" "time, ftime \- get" "date and time" "" time(2)
-.xx "" "gmtime, asctime, timezone \- convert" "date and time to ASCII" "ctime, localtime," ctime(3)
-.xx "" "touch \- update" "date last modified of a file" "" touch(1)
-.xx "nextkey \- data base subroutines" "" "dbminit, fetch, store, delete, firstkey," "" dbm(3)
-.xx "" "" "dc \- desk calculator" "" dc(1)
-.xx "check" "" "dcheck \- file system directory consistency" "" dcheck(1)
-.xx "" "" "dd \- convert and copy a file" "" dd(1)
-.xx "" "dump," "ddate \- incremental dump format" "" dump(5)
-.xx "" "adb \-" "debugger" "" adb(1)
-.xx "" "tp \-" "DEC/mag tape formats" "" tp(5)
-.xx "" "crypt \- encode/" "decode" "" crypt(1)
-.xx "" "tc \- TC-11/TU56" "DECtape" "" tc(4)
-.xx "" "chdir \- change" "default directory" "" chdir(2)
-.xx "" "eqnchar \- special character" "definitions for eqn" "" eqnchar(7)
-.xx "subroutines" "dbminit, fetch, store," "delete, firstkey, nextkey \- data base" "" dbm(3)
-.xx "" "tail \-" "deliver the last part of a file" "" tail(1)
-.xx "" "mesg \- permit or" "deny messages" "" mesg(1)
-.xx "constructs" "" "deroff \- remove nroff, troff, tbl and eqn" "" deroff(1)
-.xx "" "crypt, setkey, encrypt \-" "DES encryption" "" crypt(3)
-.xx "" "dup, dup2 \- duplicate an open file" "descriptor" "" dup(2)
-.xx "" "dc \-" "desk calculator" "" dc(1)
-.xx "" "access \-" "determine accessibility of file" "" access(2)
-.xx "" "file \-" "determine file type" "" file(1)
-.xx "" "ioctl, stty, gtty \- control" "device" "" ioctl(2)
-.xx "" "" "df \- disk free" "" df(1)
-.xx "" "" "diff \- differential file comparator" "" diff(1)
-.xx "" "" "diff3 \- 3-way differential file comparison" "" diff3(1)
-.xx "" "diff \-" "differential file comparator" "" diff(1)
-.xx "" "diff3 \- 3-way" "differential file comparison" "" diff3(1)
-.xx "" "" "dir \- format of directories" "" dir(5)
-.xx "" "mv \- move or rename files and" "directories" "" mv(1)
-.xx "" "cd \- change working" "directory" "" cd(1)
-.xx "" "chdir \- change default" "directory" "" chdir(2)
-.xx "" "ls \- list contents of" "directory" "" ls(1)
-.xx "" "mkdir \- make a" "directory" "" mkdir(1)
-.xx "" "dcheck \- file system" "directory consistency check" "" dcheck(1)
-.xx "" "unlink \- remove" "directory entry" "" unlink(2)
-.xx "" "pwd \- working" "directory name" "" pwd(1)
-.xx "" "mknod \- make a" "directory or a special file" "" mknod(2)
-.xx "" "hp \- RH-11/RP04, RP05, RP06 moving-head" "disk" "" hp(4)
-.xx "" "rk \- RK-11/RK03 or RK05" "disk" "" rk(4)
-.xx "" "rp \- RP-11/RP03 moving-head" "disk" "" rp(4)
-.xx "" "hs \- RH11/RS03-RS04 fixed-head" "disk file" "" hs(4)
-.xx "" "rf \- RF11/RS11 fixed-head" "disk file" "" rf(4)
-.xx "" "df \-" "disk free" "" df(1)
-.xx "" "du \- summarize" "disk usage" "" du(1)
-.xx "" "mount, umount \- mount and" "dismount file system" "" mount(1)
-.xx "" "prof \-" "display profile data" "" prof(1)
-.xx "" "hypot, cabs \- euclidean" "distance" "" hypot(3)
-.xx "" "" "dn \- DN-11 ACU interface" "" dn(4)
-.xx "" "\- find and insert literature references in" "documents" "refer, lookbib" refer(1)
-.xx "" "du," "dp \- DU-11 201 data-phone interface" "" du(4)
-.xx "" "reversi \- a game of" "dramatic reversals" "" reversi(6)
-.xx "" "graph \-" "draw a graph" "" graph(1)
-.xx "" "arithmetic \- provide" "drill in number facts" "" arithmetic(6)
-.xx "" "pk \- packet" "driver" "" pk(4)
-.xx "" "pkclose, pkread, pkwrite, pkfail \- packet" "driver simulator" "pkopen," pkopen(3)
-.xx "" "" "du \- summarize disk usage" "" du(1)
-.xx "" "" "du, dp \- DU-11 201 data-phone interface" "" du(4)
-.xx "" "dump \- incremental file system" "dump" "" dump(1)
-.xx "" "od \- octal" "dump" "" od(1)
-.xx "" "" "dump \- incremental file system dump" "" dump(1)
-.xx "" "" "dump, ddate \- incremental dump format" "" dump(5)
-.xx "" "dumpdir \- print the names of files on a" "dump tape" "" dumpdir(1)
-.xx "descriptor" "" "dup, dup2 \- duplicate an open file" "" dup(2)
-.xx "" "" "echo \- echo arguments" "" echo(1)
-.xx "" "" "ecvt, fcvt, gcvt \- output conversion" "" ecvt(3)
-.xx "" "" "ed \- text editor" "" ed(1)
-.xx "" "end, etext," "edata \- last locations in program" "" end(3)
-.xx "" "ed \- text" "editor" "" ed(1)
-.xx "" "sed \- stream" "editor" "" sed(1)
-.xx "" "a.out \- assembler and link" "editor output" "" a.out(5)
-.xx "" "grep," "egrep, fgrep \- search a file for a pattern" "" grep(1)
-.xx "" "crypt \-" "encode/decode" "" crypt(1)
-.xx "" "crypt, setkey," "encrypt \- DES encryption" "" crypt(3)
-.xx "" "makekey \- generate" "encryption key" "" makekey(8)
-.xx "program" "" "end, etext, edata \- last locations in" "" end(3)
-.xx "" "getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent," "endgrent \- get group file entry" "" getgrent(3)
-.xx "" "getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent," "endpwent \- get password file entry" "" getpwent(3)
-.xx "" "xsend, xget," "enroll \- secret mail" "" xsend(1)
-.xx "" "nlist \- get" "entries from name list" "" nlist(3)
-.xx "" "setgrent, endgrent \- get group file" "entry" "getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam," getgrent(3)
-.xx "" "setpwent, endpwent \- get password file" "entry" "getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam," getpwent(3)
-.xx "" "unlink \- remove directory" "entry" "" unlink(2)
-.xx "" "execle, execve, execlp, execvp, exec, exece," "environ \- execute a file" "execl, execv," exec(2)
-.xx "" "" "environ \- user environment" "" environ(5)
-.xx "" "getenv \- value for" "environment name" "" getenv(3)
-.xx "" "eqnchar \- special character definitions for" "eqn" "" eqnchar(7)
-.xx "" "deroff \- remove nroff, troff, tbl and" "eqn constructs" "" deroff(1)
-.xx "" "" "eqn, neqn, checkeq \- typeset mathematics" "" eqn(1)
-.xx "eqn" "" "eqnchar \- special character definitions for" "" eqnchar(7)
-.xx "error numbers" "intro," "errno \- introduction to system calls and" "" intro(2)
-.xx "" "perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr \- system" "error messages" "" perror(3)
-.xx "" "errno \- introduction to system calls and" "error numbers" "intro," intro(2)
-.xx "" "spell, spellin, spellout \- find spelling" "errors" "" spell(1)
-.xx "" "pkon, pkoff \-" "establish packet protocol" "" pkon(2)
-.xx "" "end," "etext, edata \- last locations in program" "" end(3)
-.xx "" "hypot, cabs \-" "euclidean distance" "" hypot(3)
-.xx "" "for, case, if, while, break, continue, cd," "eval, exec, exit, export, login, newgrp,/" "sh," sh(1)
-.xx "" "expr \-" "evaluate arguments as an expression" "" expr(1)
-.xx "" "execl, execv, execle, execve, execlp, execvp," "exec, exece, environ \- execute a file" "" exec(2)
-.xx "" "/case, if, while, break, continue, cd, eval," "exec, exit, export, login, newgrp, read,/" "" sh(1)
-.xx "" "execv, execle, execve, execlp, execvp, exec," "exece, environ \- execute a file" "execl," exec(2)
-.xx "" "at \-" "execute commands at a later time" "" at(1)
-.xx "" "uux \- unix to unix command" "execution" "" uux(1)
-.xx "" "acct \-" "execution accounting file" "" acct(5)
-.xx "" "sleep \- suspend" "execution for an interval" "" sleep(1)
-.xx "" "sleep \- suspend" "execution for interval" "" sleep(3)
-.xx "" "monitor \- prepare" "execution profile" "" monitor(3)
-.xx "" "profil \-" "execution time profile" "" profil(2)
-.xx "exece, environ \- execute a file" "execl," "execv, execle, execve, execlp, execvp, exec," "" exec(2)
-.xx "" "" "exit \- terminate process" "" exit(2)
-.xx "" "/if, while, break, continue, cd, eval, exec," "exit, export, login, newgrp, read, readonly,/" "" sh(1)
-.xx "logarithm, power, square root" "" "exp, log, log10, pow, sqrt \- exponential," "" exp(3)
-.xx "" "frexp, ldexp, modf \- split into mantissa and" "exponent" "" frexp(3)
-.xx "" "exp, log, log10, pow, sqrt \-" "exponential, logarithm, power, square root" "" exp(3)
-.xx "" "/while, break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit," "export, login, newgrp, read, readonly, set,/" "" sh(1)
-.xx "" "" "expr \- evaluate arguments as an expression" "" expr(1)
-.xx "" "" "f77 \- Fortran 77 compiler" "" f77(1)
-.xx "ceiling functions" "" "fabs, floor, ceil \- absolute value, floor," "" floor(3)
-.xx "" "factor, primes \-" "factor a number, generate large primes" "" factor(1)
-.xx "" "true," "false \- provide truth values" "" true(1)
-.xx "" "abort \- generate IOT" "fault" "" abort(3)
-.xx "" "" "fclose, fflush \- close or flush a stream" "" fclose(3)
-.xx "" "ecvt," "fcvt, gcvt \- output conversion" "" ecvt(3)
-.xx "" "fopen, freopen," "fdopen \- open a stream" "" fopen(3)
-.xx "status inquiries" "" "feof, ferror, clearerr, fileno \- stream" "" ferror(3)
-.xx "data base subroutines" "dbminit," "fetch, store, delete, firstkey, nextkey \-" "" dbm(3)
-.xx "" "fclose," "fflush \- close or flush a stream" "" fclose(3)
-.xx "stream" "getc, getchar," "fgetc, getw \- get character or word from" "" getc(3)
-.xx "" "gets," "fgets \- get a string from a stream" "" gets(3)
-.xx "" "grep, egrep," "fgrep \- search a file for a pattern" "" grep(1)
-.xx "" "access \- determine accessibility of" "file" "" access(2)
-.xx "" "acct \- execution accounting" "file" "" acct(5)
-.xx "" "chmod \- change mode of" "file" "" chmod(2)
-.xx "" "chown \- change owner and group of a" "file" "" chown(2)
-.xx "" "close \- close a" "file" "" close(2)
-.xx "" "core \- format of core image" "file" "" core(5)
-.xx "" "creat \- create a new" "file" "" creat(2)
-.xx "" "dd \- convert and copy a" "file" "" dd(1)
-.xx "" "execvp, exec, exece, environ \- execute a" "file" "execl, execv, execle, execve, execlp," exec(2)
-.xx "" "group \- group" "file" "" group(5)
-.xx "" "hs \- RH11/RS03-RS04 fixed-head disk" "file" "" hs(4)
-.xx "" "link \- link to a" "file" "" link(2)
-.xx "" "mknod \- build special" "file" "" mknod(1)
-.xx "" "mknod \- make a directory or a special" "file" "" mknod(2)
-.xx "" "passwd \- password" "file" "" passwd(5)
-.xx "" "pr \- print" "file" "" pr(1)
-.xx "" "read \- read from" "file" "" read(2)
-.xx "" "rev \- reverse lines of a" "file" "" rev(1)
-.xx "" "rf \- RF11/RS11 fixed-head disk" "file" "" rf(4)
-.xx "" "size \- size of an object" "file" "" size(1)
-.xx "" "sum \- sum and count blocks in a" "file" "" sum(1)
-.xx "" "tail \- deliver the last part of a" "file" "" tail(1)
-.xx "" "touch \- update date last modified of a" "file" "" touch(1)
-.xx "" "uniq \- report repeated lines in a" "file" "" uniq(1)
-.xx "" "write \- write on a" "file" "" write(2)
-.xx "" "" "file \- determine file type" "" file(1)
-.xx "" "diff \- differential" "file comparator" "" diff(1)
-.xx "" "diff3 \- 3-way differential" "file comparison" "" diff3(1)
-.xx "" "umask \- set" "file creation mode mask" "" umask(2)
-.xx "" "dup, dup2 \- duplicate an open" "file descriptor" "" dup(2)
-.xx "" "getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent \- get group" "file entry" "getgrent, getgrgid," getgrent(3)
-.xx "" "getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent \- get password" "file entry" "getpwent, getpwuid," getpwent(3)
-.xx "" "grep, egrep, fgrep \- search a" "file for a pattern" "" grep(1)
-.xx "" "ar \- archive (library)" "file format" "" ar(5)
-.xx "" "split \- split a" "file into pieces" "" split(1)
-.xx "" "mktemp \- make a unique" "file name" "" mktemp(3)
-.xx "" "stat, fstat \- get" "file status" "" stat(2)
-.xx "" "mkfs \- construct a" "file system" "" mkfs(1)
-.xx "" "mount, umount \- mount and dismount" "file system" "" mount(1)
-.xx "" "mount, umount \- mount or remove" "file system" "" mount(2)
-.xx "" "dcheck \-" "file system directory consistency check" "" dcheck(1)
-.xx "" "dump \- incremental" "file system dump" "" dump(1)
-.xx "" "hier \-" "file system hierarchy" "" hier(7)
-.xx "" "quot \- summarize" "file system ownership" "" quot(1)
-.xx "" "restor \- incremental" "file system restore" "" restor(1)
-.xx "" "icheck \-" "file system storage consistency check" "" icheck(1)
-.xx "" "mtab \- mounted" "file system table" "" mtab(5)
-.xx "" "filsys, flblk, ino \- format of" "file system volume" "" filsys(5)
-.xx "" "utime \- set" "file times" "" utime(2)
-.xx "" "file \- determine" "file type" "" file(1)
-.xx "" "basename \- strip" "filename affixes" "" basename(1)
-.xx "" "feof, ferror, clearerr," "fileno \- stream status inquiries" "" ferror(3)
-.xx "" "cmp \- compare two" "files" "" cmp(1)
-.xx "" "select or reject lines common to two sorted" "files" "comm \-" comm(1)
-.xx "" "find \- find" "files" "" find(1)
-.xx "" "rm, rmdir \- remove (unlink)" "files" "" rm(1)
-.xx "" "sort \- sort or merge" "files" "" sort(1)
-.xx "" "mv \- move or rename" "files and directories" "" mv(1)
-.xx "" "dumpdir \- print the names of" "files on a dump tape" "" dumpdir(1)
-.xx "volume" "" "filsys, flblk, ino \- format of file system" "" filsys(5)
-.xx "" "col \-" "filter reverse line feeds" "" col(1)
-.xx "" "plot \- graphics" "filters" "" plot(1)
-.xx "" "" "find \- find files" "" find(1)
-.xx "documents" "refer, lookbib \-" "find and insert literature references in" "" refer(1)
-.xx "" "find \-" "find files" "" find(1)
-.xx "" "look \-" "find lines in a sorted list" "" look(1)
-.xx "" "ttyname, isatty, ttyslot \-" "find name of a terminal" "" ttyname(3)
-.xx "" "lorder \-" "find ordering relation for an object library" "" lorder(1)
-.xx "" "spell, spellin, spellout \-" "find spelling errors" "" spell(1)
-.xx "" "dbminit, fetch, store, delete," "firstkey, nextkey \- data base subroutines" "" dbm(3)
-.xx "" "hs \- RH11/RS03-RS04" "fixed-head disk file" "" hs(4)
-.xx "" "rf \- RF11/RS11" "fixed-head disk file" "" rf(4)
-.xx "" "filsys," "flblk, ino \- format of file system volume" "" filsys(5)
-.xx "functions" "fabs," "floor, ceil \- absolute value, floor, ceiling" "" floor(3)
-.xx "" "fclose, fflush \- close or" "flush a stream" "" fclose(3)
-.xx "" "" "fopen, freopen, fdopen \- open a stream" "" fopen(3)
-.xx "" "" "fork \- spawn new process" "" fork(2)
-.xx "" "ar \- archive (library) file" "format" "" ar(5)
-.xx "" "arcv \- convert archives to new" "format" "" arcv(1)
-.xx "" "dump, ddate \- incremental dump" "format" "" dump(5)
-.xx "" "core \-" "format of core image file" "" core(5)
-.xx "" "dir \-" "format of directories" "" dir(5)
-.xx "" "filsys, flblk, ino \-" "format of file system volume" "" filsys(5)
-.xx "" "tbl \-" "format tables for nroff or troff" "" tbl(1)
-.xx "" "roff \-" "format text" "" roff(1)
-.xx "" "tp \- DEC/mag tape" "formats" "" tp(5)
-.xx "" "scanf, fscanf, sscanf \-" "formatted input conversion" "" scanf(3)
-.xx "" "printf, fprintf, sprintf \-" "formatted output conversion" "" printf(3)
-.xx "" "troff, nroff \- text" "formatting and typesetting" "" troff(1)
-.xx "" "ms \- macros for" "formatting manuscripts" "" ms(7)
-.xx "" "f77 \-" "Fortran 77 compiler" "" f77(1)
-.xx "" "ratfor \- rational" "Fortran dialect" "" ratfor(1)
-.xx "" "struct \- structure" "Fortran programs" "" struct(1)
-.xx "cookies" "ching," "fortune \- the book of changes and other" "" ching(6)
-.xx "conversion" "printf," "fprintf, sprintf \- formatted output" "" printf(3)
-.xx "stream" "putc, putchar," "fputc, putw \- put character or word on a" "" putc(3)
-.xx "" "puts," "fputs \- put a string on a stream" "" puts(3)
-.xx "" "" "fread, fwrite \- buffered binary input/output" "" fread(3)
-.xx "" "df \- disk" "free" "" df(1)
-.xx "allocator" "malloc," "free, realloc, calloc \- main memory" "" malloc(3)
-.xx "" "fopen," "freopen, fdopen \- open a stream" "" fopen(3)
-.xx "exponent" "" "frexp, ldexp, modf \- split into mantissa and" "" frexp(3)
-.xx "" "scanf," "fscanf, sscanf \- formatted input conversion" "" scanf(3)
-.xx "" "" "fseek, ftell, rewind \- reposition a stream" "" fseek(3)
-.xx "" "stat," "fstat \- get file status" "" stat(2)
-.xx "" "fseek," "ftell, rewind \- reposition a stream" "" fseek(3)
-.xx "" "time," "ftime \- get date and time" "" time(2)
-.xx "" "floor, ceil \- absolute value, floor, ceiling" "functions" "fabs," floor(3)
-.xx "" "intro \- introduction to library" "functions" "" intro(3)
-.xx "" "j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn \- bessel" "functions" "" j0(3)
-.xx "" "tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 \- trigonometric" "functions" "sin, cos," sin(3)
-.xx "" "sinh, cosh, tanh \- hyperbolic" "functions" "" sinh(3)
-.xx "" "fread," "fwrite \- buffered binary input/output" "" fread(3)
-.xx "" "backgammon \- the" "game" "" backgammon(6)
-.xx "" "checkers \-" "game" "" checkers(6)
-.xx "" "moo \- guessing" "game" "" moo(6)
-.xx "" "bj \- the" "game of black jack" "" bj(6)
-.xx "" "chess \- the" "game of chess" "" chess(6)
-.xx "" "reversi \- a" "game of dramatic reversals" "" reversi(6)
-.xx "" "wump \- the" "game of hunt-the-wumpus" "" wump(6)
-.xx "" "hangman, words \- word" "games" "" words(6)
-.xx "" "itom, madd, msub, mult, mdiv, min, mout, pow," "gcd, rpow \- multiple precision integer/" "" mp(3)
-.xx "" "ecvt, fcvt," "gcvt \- output conversion" "" ecvt(3)
-.xx "" "maze \-" "generate a maze problem" "" maze(6)
-.xx "" "mkconf \-" "generate configuration tables" "" mkconf(1)
-.xx "" "makekey \-" "generate encryption key" "" makekey(8)
-.xx "" "abort \-" "generate IOT fault" "" abort(3)
-.xx "" "factor, primes \- factor a number," "generate large primes" "" factor(1)
-.xx "" "ncheck \-" "generate names from i-numbers" "" ncheck(1)
-.xx "" "rand, srand \- random number" "generator" "" rand(3)
-.xx "" "lex \-" "generator of lexical analysis programs" "" lex(1)
-.xx "or word from stream" "" "getc, getchar, fgetc, getw \- get character" "" getc(3)
-.xx "" "getuid, getgid, geteuid," "getegid \- get user and group identity" "" getuid(2)
-.xx "" "" "getenv \- value for environment name" "" getenv(3)
-.xx "identity" "getuid, getgid," "geteuid, getegid \- get user and group" "" getuid(2)
-.xx "endgrent \- get group file entry" "" "getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent," "" getgrent(3)
-.xx "" "" "getlogin \- get login name" "" getlogin(3)
-.xx "" "" "getpass \- read a password" "" getpass(3)
-.xx "" "" "getpid \- get process identification" "" getpid(2)
-.xx "" "" "getpw \- get name from UID" "" getpw(3)
-.xx "endpwent \- get password file entry" "" "getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent," "" getpwent(3)
-.xx "" "" "gets, fgets \- get a string from a stream" "" gets(3)
-.xx "" "" "getty \- set typewriter mode" "" getty(8)
-.xx "and group identity" "" "getuid, getgid, geteuid, getegid \- get user" "" getuid(2)
-.xx "" "getc, getchar, fgetc," "getw \- get character or word from stream" "" getc(3)
-.xx "time to ASCII" "ctime, localtime," "gmtime, asctime, timezone \- convert date and" "" ctime(3)
-.xx "" "setjmp, longjmp \- non-local" "goto" "" setjmp(3)
-.xx "" "graph \- draw a" "graph" "" graph(1)
-.xx "" "plot \-" "graphics filters" "" plot(1)
-.xx "" "plot: openpl et al. \-" "graphics interface" "" plot(3)
-.xx "" "plot \-" "graphics interface" "" plot(5)
-.xx "pattern" "" "grep, egrep, fgrep \- search a file for a" "" grep(1)
-.xx "" "chown, chgrp \- change owner or" "group" "" chown(1)
-.xx "" "newgrp \- log in to a new" "group" "" newgrp(1)
-.xx "" "" "group \- group file" "" group(5)
-.xx "" "getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent \- get" "group file entry" "getgrent," getgrent(3)
-.xx "" "setuid, setgid \- set user and" "group ID" "" setuid(2)
-.xx "" "getgid, geteuid, getegid \- get user and" "group identity" "getuid," getuid(2)
-.xx "" "chown \- change owner and" "group of a file" "" chown(2)
-.xx "" "make \- maintain program" "groups" "" make(1)
-.xx "" "ioctl, stty," "gtty \- control device" "" ioctl(2)
-.xx "" "moo \-" "guessing game" "" moo(6)
-.xx "" "" "hangman, words \- word games" "" words(6)
-.xx "" "" "hier \- file system hierarchy" "" hier(7)
-.xx "" "" "hp \- RH-11/RP04, RP05, RP06 moving-head disk" "" hp(4)
-.xx "" "" "hs \- RH11/RS03-RS04 fixed-head disk file" "" hs(4)
-.xx "" "" "ht \- RH-11/TU-16 magtape interface" "" ht(4)
-.xx "" "wump \- the game of" "hunt-the-wumpus" "" wump(6)
-.xx "" "sinh, cosh, tanh \-" "hyperbolic functions" "" sinh(3)
-.xx "" "" "hypot, cabs \- euclidean distance" "" hypot(3)
-.xx "check" "" "icheck \- file system storage consistency" "" icheck(1)
-.xx "" "setuid, setgid \- set user and group" "ID" "" setuid(2)
-.xx "" "su \- substitute user" "id temporarily" "" su(1)
-.xx "" "getpid \- get process" "identification" "" getpid(2)
-.xx "" "geteuid, getegid \- get user and group" "identity" "getuid, getgid," getuid(2)
-.xx "exit, export, login, newgrp,/" "sh, for, case," "if, while, break, continue, cd, eval, exec," "" sh(1)
-.xx "" "signal \- catch or" "ignore signals" "" signal(2)
-.xx "" "core \- format of core" "image file" "" core(5)
-.xx "" "dump, ddate \-" "incremental dump format" "" dump(5)
-.xx "" "dump \-" "incremental file system dump" "" dump(1)
-.xx "" "restor \-" "incremental file system restore" "" restor(1)
-.xx "" "ptx \- permuted" "index" "" ptx(1)
-.xx "" "strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen," "index, rindex \- string operations" "/strncat," string(3)
-.xx "" "" "indir \- indirect system call" "" indir(2)
-.xx "" "" "init, rc \- process control initialization" "" init(8)
-.xx "" "ttys \- terminal" "initialization data" "" ttys(5)
-.xx "" "popen, pclose \-" "initiate I/O to/from a process" "" popen(3)
-.xx "" "filsys, flblk," "ino \- format of file system volume" "" filsys(5)
-.xx "" "clri \- clear" "i-node" "" clri(1)
-.xx "" "scanf, fscanf, sscanf \- formatted" "input conversion" "" scanf(3)
-.xx "" "ungetc \- push character back into" "input stream" "" ungetc(3)
-.xx "" "fread, fwrite \- buffered binary" "input/output" "" fread(3)
-.xx "" "stdio \- standard buffered" "input/output package" "" stdio(3)
-.xx "" "ferror, clearerr, fileno \- stream status" "inquiries" "feof," ferror(3)
-.xx "" "refer, lookbib \- find and" "insert literature references in documents" "" refer(1)
-.xx "" "cat \- phototypesetter" "interface" "" cat(4)
-.xx "" "dn \- DN-11 ACU" "interface" "" dn(4)
-.xx "" "du, dp \- DU-11 201 data-phone" "interface" "" du(4)
-.xx "" "ht \- RH-11/TU-16 magtape" "interface" "" ht(4)
-.xx "" "plot: openpl et al. \- graphics" "interface" "" plot(3)
-.xx "" "plot \- graphics" "interface" "" plot(5)
-.xx "" "tm \- TM-11/TU-10 magtape" "interface" "" tm(4)
-.xx "" "tty \- general terminal" "interface" "" tty(4)
-.xx "" "spline \-" "interpolate smooth curve" "" spline(1)
-.xx "" "pipe \- create an" "interprocess channel" "" pipe(2)
-.xx "" "intro \-" "introduction to commands" "" intro(1)
-.xx "" "intro \-" "introduction to library functions" "" intro(3)
-.xx "numbers" "intro, errno \-" "introduction to system calls and error" "" intro(2)
-.xx "" "ncheck \- generate names from" "i-numbers" "" ncheck(1)
-.xx "" "iostat \- report" "I/O statistics" "" iostat(1)
-.xx "" "popen, pclose \- initiate" "I/O to/from a process" "" popen(3)
-.xx "" "" "ioctl, stty, gtty \- control device" "" ioctl(2)
-.xx "" "" "iostat \- report I/O statistics" "" iostat(1)
-.xx "" "abort \- generate" "IOT fault" "" abort(3)
-.xx "isascii/" "isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit," "isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, iscntrl," "" ctype(3)
-.xx "" "ttyname," "isatty, ttyslot \- find name of a terminal" "" ttyname(3)
-.xx "" "/isdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint," "iscntrl, isascii \- character classification" "" ctype(3)
-.xx "" "system \-" "issue a shell command" "" system(3)
-.xx "ispunct, isprint, iscntrl, isascii/" "isalpha," "isupper, islower, isdigit, isalnum, isspace," "" ctype(3)
-.xx "gcd, rpow \- multiple precision integer/" "" "itom, madd, msub, mult, mdiv, min, mout, pow," "" mp(3)
-.xx "" "" "j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn \- bessel functions" "" j0(3)
-.xx "" "bj \- the game of black" "jack" "" bj(6)
-.xx "" "j0, j1," "jn, y0, y1, yn \- bessel functions" "" j0(3)
-.xx "" "" "join \- relational database operator" "" join(1)
-.xx "" "makekey \- generate encryption" "key" "" makekey(8)
-.xx "" "" "kill \- send signal to a process" "" kill(2)
-.xx "prejudice" "" "kill \- terminate a process with extreme" "" kill(1)
-.xx "" "mem," "kmem \- core memory" "" mem(4)
-.xx "integers and long integers" "" "l3tol, ltol3 \- convert between 3-byte" "" l3tol(3)
-.xx "" "awk \- pattern scanning and processing" "language" "" awk(1)
-.xx "" "bc \- arbitrary-precision arithmetic" "language" "" bc(1)
-.xx "" "shift, times, trap, umask, wait \- command" "language" "/login, newgrp, read, readonly, set," sh(1)
-.xx "" "" "ld \- loader" "" ld(1)
-.xx "exponent" "frexp," "ldexp, modf \- split into mantissa and" "" frexp(3)
-.xx "" "" "lex \- generator of lexical analysis programs" "" lex(1)
-.xx "" "\- find ordering relation for an object" "library" "lorder" lorder(1)
-.xx "" "ar \- archive (" "library) file format" "" ar(5)
-.xx "" "intro \- introduction to" "library functions" "" intro(3)
-.xx "" "ar \- archive and" "library maintainer" "" ar(1)
-.xx "" "col \- filter reverse" "line feeds" "" col(1)
-.xx "" "comm \- select or reject" "lines common to two sorted files" "" comm(1)
-.xx "" "uniq \- report repeated" "lines in a file" "" uniq(1)
-.xx "" "look \- find" "lines in a sorted list" "" look(1)
-.xx "" "rev \- reverse" "lines of a file" "" rev(1)
-.xx "" "ln \- make a" "link" "" ln(1)
-.xx "" "" "link \- link to a file" "" link(2)
-.xx "" "a.out \- assembler and" "link editor output" "" a.out(5)
-.xx "" "link \-" "link to a file" "" link(2)
-.xx "" "" "lint \- a C program verifier" "" lint(1)
-.xx "" "look \- find lines in a sorted" "list" "" look(1)
-.xx "" "nlist \- get entries from name" "list" "" nlist(3)
-.xx "" "nm \- print name" "list" "" nm(1)
-.xx "" "ls \-" "list contents of directory" "" ls(1)
-.xx "" "refer, lookbib \- find and insert" "literature references in documents" "" refer(1)
-.xx "" "" "ln \- make a link" "" ln(1)
-.xx "" "ld \-" "loader" "" ld(1)
-.xx "convert date and time to ASCII" "ctime," "localtime, gmtime, asctime, timezone \-" "" ctime(3)
-.xx "" "end, etext, edata \- last" "locations in program" "" end(3)
-.xx "" "" "lock \- lock a process in primary memory" "" lock(2)
-.xx "" "newgrp \-" "log in to a new group" "" newgrp(1)
-.xx "logarithm, power, square root" "exp," "log, log10, pow, sqrt \- exponential," "" exp(3)
-.xx "" "" "login \- sign on" "" login(1)
-.xx "" "ac \-" "login accounting" "" ac(1)
-.xx "" "getlogin \- get" "login name" "" getlogin(3)
-.xx "" "/continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export," "login, newgrp, read, readonly, set, shift,/" "" sh(1)
-.xx "" "passwd \- change" "login password" "" passwd(1)
-.xx "" "utmp, wtmp \-" "login records" "" utmp(5)
-.xx "" "setjmp," "longjmp \- non-local goto" "" setjmp(3)
-.xx "" "" "look \- find lines in a sorted list" "" look(1)
-.xx "references in documents" "refer," "lookbib \- find and insert literature" "" refer(1)
-.xx "object library" "" "lorder \- find ordering relation for an" "" lorder(1)
-.xx "" "" "ls \- list contents of directory" "" ls(1)
-.xx "" "" "lseek, tell \- move read/write pointer" "" lseek(2)
-.xx "long integers" "l3tol," "ltol3 \- convert between 3-byte integers and" "" l3tol(3)
-.xx "" "" "m4 \- macro processor" "" m4(1)
-.xx "" "ms \-" "macros for formatting manuscripts" "" ms(7)
-.xx "" "man \-" "macros to typeset manual" "" man(7)
-.xx "rpow \- multiple precision integer/" "itom," "madd, msub, mult, mdiv, min, mout, pow, gcd," "" mp(3)
-.xx "" "tp \- DEC/" "mag tape formats" "" tp(5)
-.xx "" "ht \- RH-11/TU-16" "magtape interface" "" ht(4)
-.xx "" "tm \- TM-11/TU-10" "magtape interface" "" tm(4)
-.xx "" "xsend, xget, enroll \- secret" "mail" "" xsend(1)
-.xx "" "" "mail \- send or receive mail among users" "" mail(1)
-.xx "" "malloc, free, realloc, calloc \-" "main memory allocator" "" malloc(3)
-.xx "" "make \-" "maintain program groups" "" make(1)
-.xx "" "ar \- archive and library" "maintainer" "" ar(1)
-.xx "" "" "make \- maintain program groups" "" make(1)
-.xx "" "mkdir \-" "make a directory" "" mkdir(1)
-.xx "" "mknod \-" "make a directory or a special file" "" mknod(2)
-.xx "" "ln \-" "make a link" "" ln(1)
-.xx "" "mktemp \-" "make a unique file name" "" mktemp(3)
-.xx "" "banner \-" "make long posters" "" banner(6)
-.xx "" "" "makekey \- generate encryption key" "" makekey(8)
-.xx "allocator" "" "malloc, free, realloc, calloc \- main memory" "" malloc(3)
-.xx "" "" "man \- macros to typeset manual" "" man(7)
-.xx "" "" "man \- print sections of this manual" "" man(1)
-.xx "" "tp \-" "manipulate tape archive" "" tp(1)
-.xx "" "frexp, ldexp, modf \- split into" "mantissa and exponent" "" frexp(3)
-.xx "" "man \- print sections of this" "manual" "" man(1)
-.xx "" "man \- macros to typeset" "manual" "" man(7)
-.xx "" "ms \- macros for formatting" "manuscripts" "" ms(7)
-.xx "" "umask \- set file creation mode" "mask" "" umask(2)
-.xx "" "eqn, neqn, checkeq \- typeset" "mathematics" "" eqn(1)
-.xx "" "" "maze \- generate a maze problem" "" maze(6)
-.xx "precision integer/" "itom, madd, msub, mult," "mdiv, min, mout, pow, gcd, rpow \- multiple" "" mp(3)
-.xx "" "bcd, ppt \- convert to antique" "media" "" bcd(6)
-.xx "" "" "mem, kmem \- core memory" "" mem(4)
-.xx "" "lock \- lock a process in primary" "memory" "" lock(2)
-.xx "" "mem, kmem \- core" "memory" "" mem(4)
-.xx "" "malloc, free, realloc, calloc \- main" "memory allocator" "" malloc(3)
-.xx "" "sort \- sort or" "merge files" "" sort(1)
-.xx "" "" "mesg \- permit or deny messages" "" mesg(1)
-.xx "" "perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr \- system error" "messages" "" perror(3)
-.xx "precision/" "itom, madd, msub, mult, mdiv," "min, mout, pow, gcd, rpow \- multiple" "" mp(3)
-.xx "" "" "mkconf \- generate configuration tables" "" mkconf(1)
-.xx "" "" "mkdir \- make a directory" "" mkdir(1)
-.xx "" "" "mkfs \- construct a file system" "" mkfs(1)
-.xx "" "" "mknod \- build special file" "" mknod(1)
-.xx "" "" "mknod \- make a directory or a special file" "" mknod(2)
-.xx "" "" "mktemp \- make a unique file name" "" mktemp(3)
-.xx "" "chmod \- change" "mode" "" chmod(1)
-.xx "" "getty \- set typewriter" "mode" "" getty(8)
-.xx "" "umask \- set file creation" "mode mask" "" umask(2)
-.xx "" "chmod \- change" "mode of file" "" chmod(2)
-.xx "" "frexp, ldexp," "modf \- split into mantissa and exponent" "" frexp(3)
-.xx "" "touch \- update date last" "modified of a file" "" touch(1)
-.xx "" "" "monitor \- prepare execution profile" "" monitor(3)
-.xx "" "" "moo \- guessing game" "" moo(6)
-.xx "" "mount, umount \-" "mount and dismount file system" "" mount(1)
-.xx "" "mount, umount \-" "mount or remove file system" "" mount(2)
-.xx "system" "" "mount, umount \- mount and dismount file" "" mount(1)
-.xx "" "" "mount, umount \- mount or remove file system" "" mount(2)
-.xx "" "mtab \-" "mounted file system table" "" mtab(5)
-.xx "integer/" "itom, madd, msub, mult, mdiv, min," "mout, pow, gcd, rpow \- multiple precision" "" mp(3)
-.xx "" "mv \-" "move or rename files and directories" "" mv(1)
-.xx "" "lseek, tell \-" "move read/write pointer" "" lseek(2)
-.xx "" "hp \- RH-11/RP04, RP05, RP06" "moving-head disk" "" hp(4)
-.xx "" "rp \- RP-11/RP03" "moving-head disk" "" rp(4)
-.xx "" "" "ms \- macros for formatting manuscripts" "" ms(7)
-.xx "\- multiple precision integer/" "itom, madd," "msub, mult, mdiv, min, mout, pow, gcd, rpow" "" mp(3)
-.xx "" "" "mtab \- mounted file system table" "" mtab(5)
-.xx "multiple precision integer/" "itom, madd, msub," "mult, mdiv, min, mout, pow, gcd, rpow \-" "" mp(3)
-.xx "" "" "mv \- move or rename files and directories" "" mv(1)
-.xx "" "getenv \- value for environment" "name" "" getenv(3)
-.xx "" "getlogin \- get login" "name" "" getlogin(3)
-.xx "" "mktemp \- make a unique file" "name" "" mktemp(3)
-.xx "" "pwd \- working directory" "name" "" pwd(1)
-.xx "" "tty \- get terminal" "name" "" tty(1)
-.xx "" "getpw \- get" "name from UID" "" getpw(3)
-.xx "" "nlist \- get entries from" "name list" "" nlist(3)
-.xx "" "nm \- print" "name list" "" nm(1)
-.xx "" "ttyname, isatty, ttyslot \- find" "name of a terminal" "" ttyname(3)
-.xx "" "terminals\- conventional" "names" "" term(7)
-.xx "" "ncheck \- generate" "names from i-numbers" "" ncheck(1)
-.xx "" "dumpdir \- print the" "names of files on a dump tape" "" dumpdir(1)
-.xx "" "" "ncheck \- generate names from i-numbers" "" ncheck(1)
-.xx "" "eqn," "neqn, checkeq \- typeset mathematics" "" eqn(1)
-.xx "" "creat \- create a" "new file" "" creat(2)
-.xx "" "arcv \- convert archives to" "new format" "" arcv(1)
-.xx "" "newgrp \- log in to a" "new group" "" newgrp(1)
-.xx "" "fork \- spawn" "new process" "" fork(2)
-.xx "" "" "newgrp \- log in to a new group" "" newgrp(1)
-.xx "trap,/" "/cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login," "newgrp, read, readonly, set, shift, times," "" sh(1)
-.xx "" "dbminit, fetch, store, delete, firstkey," "nextkey \- data base subroutines" "" dbm(3)
-.xx "" "" "nice \- set program priority" "" nice(2)
-.xx "" "" "nice, nohup \- run a command at low priority" "" nice(1)
-.xx "" "" "nlist \- get entries from name list" "" nlist(3)
-.xx "" "" "nm \- print name list" "" nm(1)
-.xx "" "clri \- clear i-" "node" "" clri(1)
-.xx "" "nice," "nohup \- run a command at low priority" "" nice(1)
-.xx "" "setjmp, longjmp \-" "non-local goto" "" setjmp(3)
-.xx "" "troff," "nroff \- text formatting and typesetting" "" troff(1)
-.xx "" "tbl \- format tables for" "nroff or troff" "" tbl(1)
-.xx "" "deroff \- remove" "nroff, troff, tbl and eqn constructs" "" deroff(1)
-.xx "" "" "null \- data sink" "" null(4)
-.xx "" "arithmetic \- provide drill in" "number facts" "" arithmetic(6)
-.xx "" "factor, primes \- factor a" "number, generate large primes" "" factor(1)
-.xx "" "rand, srand \- random" "number generator" "" rand(3)
-.xx "" "atof, atoi, atol \- convert ASCII to" "numbers" "" atof(3)
-.xx "" "\- introduction to system calls and error" "numbers" "intro, errno" intro(2)
-.xx "" "ncheck \- generate names from i-" "numbers" "" ncheck(1)
-.xx "" "size \- size of an" "object file" "" size(1)
-.xx "" "lorder \- find ordering relation for an" "object library" "" lorder(1)
-.xx "" "od \-" "octal dump" "" od(1)
-.xx "" "" "open \- open for reading or writing" "" open(2)
-.xx "" "fopen, freopen, fdopen \-" "open a stream" "" fopen(3)
-.xx "" "dup, dup2 \- duplicate an" "open file descriptor" "" dup(2)
-.xx "" "open \-" "open for reading or writing" "" open(2)
-.xx "" "plot:" "openpl et al. \- graphics interface" "" plot(3)
-.xx "" "strncpy, strlen, index, rindex \- string" "operations" "/strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy," string(3)
-.xx "" "join \- relational database" "operator" "" join(1)
-.xx "" "stty \- set terminal" "options" "" stty(1)
-.xx "" "lorder \- find" "ordering relation for an object library" "" lorder(1)
-.xx "" "a.out \- assembler and link editor" "output" "" a.out(5)
-.xx "" "fread, fwrite \- buffered binary input/" "output" "" fread(3)
-.xx "" "ecvt, fcvt, gcvt \-" "output conversion" "" ecvt(3)
-.xx "" "printf, fprintf, sprintf \- formatted" "output conversion" "" printf(3)
-.xx "" "stdio \- standard buffered input/" "output package" "" stdio(3)
-.xx "" "chown \- change" "owner and group of a file" "" chown(2)
-.xx "" "chown, chgrp \- change" "owner or group" "" chown(1)
-.xx "" "quot \- summarize file system" "ownership" "" quot(1)
-.xx "" "pk \-" "packet driver" "" pk(4)
-.xx "" "pkopen, pkclose, pkread, pkwrite, pkfail \-" "packet driver simulator" "" pkopen(3)
-.xx "" "pkon, pkoff \- establish" "packet protocol" "" pkon(2)
-.xx "" "tk \-" "paginator for the Tektronix 4014" "" tk(1)
-.xx "" "" "passwd \- change login password" "" passwd(1)
-.xx "" "" "passwd \- password file" "" passwd(5)
-.xx "" "getpass \- read a" "password" "" getpass(3)
-.xx "" "passwd \- change login" "password" "" passwd(1)
-.xx "" "passwd \-" "password file" "" passwd(5)
-.xx "" "getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent \- get" "password file entry" "getpwent," getpwent(3)
-.xx "" "grep, egrep, fgrep \- search a file for a" "pattern" "" grep(1)
-.xx "" "awk \-" "pattern scanning and processing language" "" awk(1)
-.xx "" "" "pause \- stop until signal" "" pause(2)
-.xx "" "cc," "pcc \- C compiler" "" cc(1)
-.xx "" "popen," "pclose \- initiate I/O to/from a process" "" popen(3)
-.xx "" "mesg \-" "permit or deny messages" "" mesg(1)
-.xx "" "ptx \-" "permuted index" "" ptx(1)
-.xx "messages" "" "perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr \- system error" "" perror(3)
-.xx "" "du, dp \- DU-11 201 data-" "phone interface" "" du(4)
-.xx "" "cat \-" "phototypesetter interface" "" cat(4)
-.xx "" "tc \-" "photypesetter simulator" "" tc(1)
-.xx "addresses" "" "phys \- allow a process to access physical" "" phys(2)
-.xx "" "" "pipe \- create an interprocess channel" "" pipe(2)
-.xx "" "tee \-" "pipe fitting" "" tee(1)
-.xx "" "" "pk \- packet driver" "" pk(4)
-.xx "driver simulator" "pkopen," "pkclose, pkread, pkwrite, pkfail \- packet" "" pkopen(3)
-.xx "" "pkon," "pkoff \- establish packet protocol" "" pkon(2)
-.xx "packet driver simulator" "" "pkopen, pkclose, pkread, pkwrite, pkfail \-" "" pkopen(3)
-.xx "" "" "plot \- graphics filters" "" plot(1)
-.xx "" "" "plot \- graphics interface" "" plot(5)
-.xx "" "" "plot: openpl et al. \- graphics interface" "" plot(3)
-.xx "" "vp \- Versatec printer-" "plotter" "" vp(4)
-.xx "" "lseek, tell \- move read/write" "pointer" "" lseek(2)
-.xx "process" "" "popen, pclose \- initiate I/O to/from a" "" popen(3)
-.xx "" "banner \- make long" "posters" "" banner(6)
-.xx "" "itom, madd, msub, mult, mdiv, min, mout," "pow, gcd, rpow \- multiple precision integer/" "" mp(3)
-.xx "square root" "exp, log, log10," "pow, sqrt \- exponential, logarithm, power," "" exp(3)
-.xx "" "bcd," "ppt \- convert to antique media" "" bcd(6)
-.xx "" "" "pr \- print file" "" pr(1)
-.xx "" "bc \- arbitrary-" "precision arithmetic language" "" bc(1)
-.xx "" "mdiv, min, mout, pow, gcd, rpow \- multiple" "precision integer arithmetic" "/msub, mult," mp(3)
-.xx "" "monitor \-" "prepare execution profile" "" monitor(3)
-.xx "" "lock \- lock a process in" "primary memory" "" lock(2)
-.xx "" "primes \- factor a number, generate large" "primes" "factor," factor(1)
-.xx "" "types \-" "primitive system data types" "" types(5)
-.xx "" "cat \- catenate and" "print" "" cat(1)
-.xx "" "date \-" "print and set the date" "" date(1)
-.xx "" "cal \-" "print calendar" "" cal(1)
-.xx "" "pr \-" "print file" "" pr(1)
-.xx "" "nm \-" "print name list" "" nm(1)
-.xx "" "man \-" "print sections of this manual" "" man(1)
-.xx "" "pstat \-" "print system facts" "" pstat(1)
-.xx "" "dumpdir \-" "print the names of files on a dump tape" "" dumpdir(1)
-.xx "" "vp \- Versatec" "printer-plotter" "" vp(4)
-.xx "conversion" "" "printf, fprintf, sprintf \- formatted output" "" printf(3)
-.xx "" "nice, nohup \- run a command at low" "priority" "" nice(1)
-.xx "" "nice \- set program" "priority" "" nice(2)
-.xx "" "boot \- startup" "procedures" "" boot(8)
-.xx "" "exit \- terminate" "process" "" exit(2)
-.xx "" "fork \- spawn new" "process" "" fork(2)
-.xx "" "kill \- send signal to a" "process" "" kill(2)
-.xx "" "popen, pclose \- initiate I/O to/from a" "process" "" popen(3)
-.xx "" "wait \- await completion of" "process" "" wait(1)
-.xx "" "init, rc \-" "process control initialization" "" init(8)
-.xx "" "getpid \- get" "process identification" "" getpid(2)
-.xx "" "lock \- lock a" "process in primary memory" "" lock(2)
-.xx "" "ps \-" "process status" "" ps(1)
-.xx "" "times \- get" "process times" "" times(2)
-.xx "" "phys \- allow a" "process to access physical addresses" "" phys(2)
-.xx "" "wait \- wait for" "process to terminate" "" wait(2)
-.xx "" "ptrace \-" "process trace" "" ptrace(2)
-.xx "" "kill \- terminate a" "process with extreme prejudice" "" kill(1)
-.xx "" "awk \- pattern scanning and" "processing language" "" awk(1)
-.xx "" "m4 \- macro" "processor" "" m4(1)
-.xx "" "" "prof \- display profile data" "" prof(1)
-.xx "" "" "profil \- execution time profile" "" profil(2)
-.xx "" "monitor \- prepare execution" "profile" "" monitor(3)
-.xx "" "profil \- execution time" "profile" "" profil(2)
-.xx "" "prof \- display" "profile data" "" prof(1)
-.xx "" "end, etext, edata \- last locations in" "program" "" end(3)
-.xx "" "units \- conversion" "program" "" units(1)
-.xx "" "cb \- C" "program beautifier" "" cb(1)
-.xx "" "make \- maintain" "program groups" "" make(1)
-.xx "" "nice \- set" "program priority" "" nice(2)
-.xx "" "assert \-" "program verification" "" assert(3)
-.xx "" "lint \- a C" "program verifier" "" lint(1)
-.xx "" "lex \- generator of lexical analysis" "programs" "" lex(1)
-.xx "" "struct \- structure Fortran" "programs" "" struct(1)
-.xx "" "pkon, pkoff \- establish packet" "protocol" "" pkon(2)
-.xx "" "arithmetic \-" "provide drill in number facts" "" arithmetic(6)
-.xx "" "true, false \-" "provide truth values" "" true(1)
-.xx "" "" "ps \- process status" "" ps(1)
-.xx "" "" "pstat \- print system facts" "" pstat(1)
-.xx "" "" "ptrace \- process trace" "" ptrace(2)
-.xx "" "" "ptx \- permuted index" "" ptx(1)
-.xx "" "ungetc \-" "push character back into input stream" "" ungetc(3)
-.xx "" "puts, fputs \-" "put a string on a stream" "" puts(3)
-.xx "" "putc, putchar, fputc, putw \-" "put character or word on a stream" "" putc(3)
-.xx "" "" "puts, fputs \- put a string on a stream" "" puts(3)
-.xx "" "putc, putchar, fputc," "putw \- put character or word on a stream" "" putc(3)
-.xx "" "" "pwd \- working directory name" "" pwd(1)
-.xx "" "" "qsort \- quicker sort" "" qsort(3)
-.xx "" "" "quiz \- test your knowledge" "" quiz(6)
-.xx "" "" "quot \- summarize file system ownership" "" quot(1)
-.xx "" "" "rand, srand \- random number generator" "" rand(3)
-.xx "" "" "ratfor \- rational Fortran dialect" "" ratfor(1)
-.xx "" "init," "rc \- process control initialization" "" init(8)
-.xx "" "" "read \- read from file" "" read(2)
-.xx "" "getpass \-" "read a password" "" getpass(3)
-.xx "" "read \-" "read from file" "" read(2)
-.xx "" "/cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, newgrp," "read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap,/" "" sh(1)
-.xx "" "open \- open for" "reading or writing" "" open(2)
-.xx "" "/exec, exit, export, login, newgrp, read," "readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask,/" "" sh(1)
-.xx "" "lseek, tell \- move" "read/write pointer" "" lseek(2)
-.xx "" "malloc, free," "realloc, calloc \- main memory allocator" "" malloc(3)
-.xx "" "mail \- send or" "receive mail among users" "" mail(1)
-.xx "" "utmp, wtmp \- login" "records" "" utmp(5)
-.xx "references in documents" "" "refer, lookbib \- find and insert literature" "" refer(1)
-.xx "" "comm \- select or" "reject lines common to two sorted files" "" comm(1)
-.xx "" "lorder \- find ordering" "relation for an object library" "" lorder(1)
-.xx "" "join \-" "relational database operator" "" join(1)
-.xx "" "strip \- remove symbols and" "relocation bits" "" strip(1)
-.xx "" "calendar \-" "reminder service" "" calendar(1)
-.xx "" "unlink \-" "remove directory entry" "" unlink(2)
-.xx "" "mount, umount \- mount or" "remove file system" "" mount(2)
-.xx "" "deroff \-" "remove nroff, troff, tbl and eqn constructs" "" deroff(1)
-.xx "" "strip \-" "remove symbols and relocation bits" "" strip(1)
-.xx "" "rm, rmdir \-" "remove (unlink) files" "" rm(1)
-.xx "" "mv \- move or" "rename files and directories" "" mv(1)
-.xx "" "uniq \- report" "repeated lines in a file" "" uniq(1)
-.xx "" "iostat \-" "report I/O statistics" "" iostat(1)
-.xx "" "uniq \-" "report repeated lines in a file" "" uniq(1)
-.xx "" "fseek, ftell, rewind \-" "reposition a stream" "" fseek(3)
-.xx "" "" "restor \- incremental file system restore" "" restor(1)
-.xx "" "" "rev \- reverse lines of a file" "" rev(1)
-.xx "" "reversi \- a game of dramatic" "reversals" "" reversi(6)
-.xx "" "col \- filter" "reverse line feeds" "" col(1)
-.xx "" "rev \-" "reverse lines of a file" "" rev(1)
-.xx "" "" "reversi \- a game of dramatic reversals" "" reversi(6)
-.xx "" "fseek, ftell," "rewind \- reposition a stream" "" fseek(3)
-.xx "" "" "rf \- RF11/RS11 fixed-head disk file" "" rf(4)
-.xx "" "hp \-" "RH-11/RP04, RP05, RP06 moving-head disk" "" hp(4)
-.xx "" "hs \-" "RH11/RS03-RS04 fixed-head disk file" "" hs(4)
-.xx "" "ht \-" "RH-11/TU-16 magtape interface" "" ht(4)
-.xx "" "strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index," "rindex \- string operations" "/strncat, strcmp," string(3)
-.xx "" "" "rk \- RK-11/RK03 or RK05 disk" "" rk(4)
-.xx "" "" "rm, rmdir \- remove (unlink) files" "" rm(1)
-.xx "" "" "roff \- format text" "" roff(1)
-.xx "" "sqrt \- exponential, logarithm, power, square" "root" "exp, log, log10, pow," exp(3)
-.xx "" "" "rp \- RP-11/RP03 moving-head disk" "" rp(4)
-.xx "" "hp \- RH-11/" "RP04, RP05, RP06 moving-head disk" "" hp(4)
-.xx "" "rp \-" "RP-11/RP03 moving-head disk" "" rp(4)
-.xx "" "/madd, msub, mult, mdiv, min, mout, pow, gcd," "rpow \- multiple precision integer arithmetic" "" mp(3)
-.xx "" "hs \- RH11/" "RS03-RS04 fixed-head disk file" "" hs(4)
-.xx "" "rf \- RF11/" "RS11 fixed-head disk file" "" rf(4)
-.xx "" "nice, nohup \-" "run a command at low priority" "" nice(1)
-.xx "" "" "sa, accton \- system accounting" "" sa(1)
-.xx "" "brk," "sbrk, break \- change core allocation" "" brk(2)
-.xx "conversion" "" "scanf, fscanf, sscanf \- formatted input" "" scanf(3)
-.xx "" "awk \- pattern" "scanning and processing language" "" awk(1)
-.xx "" "alarm \-" "schedule signal after specified time" "" alarm(2)
-.xx "" "grep, egrep, fgrep \-" "search a file for a pattern" "" grep(1)
-.xx "" "xsend, xget, enroll \-" "secret mail" "" xsend(1)
-.xx "" "man \- print" "sections of this manual" "" man(1)
-.xx "" "" "sed \- stream editor" "" sed(1)
-.xx "files" "comm \-" "select or reject lines common to two sorted" "" comm(1)
-.xx "" "mail \-" "send or receive mail among users" "" mail(1)
-.xx "" "kill \-" "send signal to a process" "" kill(2)
-.xx "" "ascii \- map of ASCII character" "set" "" ascii(7)
-.xx "" "umask \-" "set file creation mode mask" "" umask(2)
-.xx "" "utime \-" "set file times" "" utime(2)
-.xx "" "nice \-" "set program priority" "" nice(2)
-.xx "" "/exit, export, login, newgrp, read, readonly," "set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait \-/" "" sh(1)
-.xx "" "stty \-" "set terminal options" "" stty(1)
-.xx "" "tabs \-" "set terminal tabs" "" tabs(1)
-.xx "" "date \- print and" "set the date" "" date(1)
-.xx "" "stime \-" "set time" "" stime(2)
-.xx "" "getty \-" "set typewriter mode" "" getty(8)
-.xx "" "setuid, setgid \-" "set user and group ID" "" setuid(2)
-.xx "" "" "setbuf \- assign buffering to a stream" "" setbuf(3)
-.xx "" "setuid," "setgid \- set user and group ID" "" setuid(2)
-.xx "" "getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam," "setgrent, endgrent \- get group file entry" "" getgrent(3)
-.xx "" "" "setjmp, longjmp \- non-local goto" "" setjmp(3)
-.xx "" "crypt," "setkey, encrypt \- DES encryption" "" crypt(3)
-.xx "" "getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam," "setpwent, endpwent \- get password file entry" "" getpwent(3)
-.xx "" "" "setuid, setgid \- set user and group ID" "" setuid(2)
-.xx "cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, newgrp,/" "" "sh, for, case, if, while, break, continue," "" sh(1)
-.xx "" "system \- issue a" "shell command" "" system(3)
-.xx "" "/export, login, newgrp, read, readonly, set," "shift, times, trap, umask, wait \- command/" "" sh(1)
-.xx "" "login \-" "sign on" "" login(1)
-.xx "" "pause \- stop until" "signal" "" pause(2)
-.xx "" "" "signal \- catch or ignore signals" "" signal(2)
-.xx "" "alarm \- schedule" "signal after specified time" "" alarm(2)
-.xx "" "kill \- send" "signal to a process" "" kill(2)
-.xx "" "signal \- catch or ignore" "signals" "" signal(2)
-.xx "" "pkread, pkwrite, pkfail \- packet driver" "simulator" "pkopen, pkclose," pkopen(3)
-.xx "" "tc \- photypesetter" "simulator" "" tc(1)
-.xx "trigonometric functions" "" "sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 \-" "" sin(3)
-.xx "" "" "sinh, cosh, tanh \- hyperbolic functions" "" sinh(3)
-.xx "" "null \- data" "sink" "" null(4)
-.xx "" "" "size \- size of an object file" "" size(1)
-.xx "" "" "sleep \- suspend execution for an interval" "" sleep(1)
-.xx "" "" "sleep \- suspend execution for interval" "" sleep(3)
-.xx "" "spline \- interpolate" "smooth curve" "" spline(1)
-.xx "" "qsort \- quicker" "sort" "" qsort(3)
-.xx "" "tsort \- topological" "sort" "" tsort(1)
-.xx "" "" "sort \- sort or merge files" "" sort(1)
-.xx "" "comm \- select or reject lines common to two" "sorted files" "" comm(1)
-.xx "" "look \- find lines in a" "sorted list" "" look(1)
-.xx "" "fork \-" "spawn new process" "" fork(2)
-.xx "" "alarm \- schedule signal after" "specified time" "" alarm(2)
-.xx "errors" "" "spell, spellin, spellout \- find spelling" "" spell(1)
-.xx "" "" "spline \- interpolate smooth curve" "" spline(1)
-.xx "" "" "split \- split a file into pieces" "" split(1)
-.xx "" "frexp, ldexp, modf \-" "split into mantissa and exponent" "" frexp(3)
-.xx "" "printf, fprintf," "sprintf \- formatted output conversion" "" printf(3)
-.xx "root" "exp, log, log10, pow," "sqrt \- exponential, logarithm, power, square" "" exp(3)
-.xx "" "rand," "srand \- random number generator" "" rand(3)
-.xx "" "scanf, fscanf," "sscanf \- formatted input conversion" "" scanf(3)
-.xx "" "stdio \-" "standard buffered input/output package" "" stdio(3)
-.xx "" "boot \-" "startup procedures" "" boot(8)
-.xx "" "" "stat, fstat \- get file status" "" stat(2)
-.xx "" "iostat \- report I/O" "statistics" "" iostat(1)
-.xx "" "ps \- process" "status" "" ps(1)
-.xx "" "stat, fstat \- get file" "status" "" stat(2)
-.xx "" "feof, ferror, clearerr, fileno \- stream" "status inquiries" "" ferror(3)
-.xx "package" "" "stdio \- standard buffered input/output" "" stdio(3)
-.xx "" "" "stime \- set time" "" stime(2)
-.xx "" "pause \-" "stop until signal" "" pause(2)
-.xx "" "icheck \- file system" "storage consistency check" "" icheck(1)
-.xx "subroutines" "dbminit, fetch," "store, delete, firstkey, nextkey \- data base" "" dbm(3)
-.xx "strncpy, strlen, index, rindex \- string/" "" "strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy," "" string(3)
-.xx "" "fclose, fflush \- close or flush a" "stream" "" fclose(3)
-.xx "" "fopen, freopen, fdopen \- open a" "stream" "" fopen(3)
-.xx "" "fseek, ftell, rewind \- reposition a" "stream" "" fseek(3)
-.xx "" "fgetc, getw \- get character or word from" "stream" "getc, getchar," getc(3)
-.xx "" "gets, fgets \- get a string from a" "stream" "" gets(3)
-.xx "" "fputc, putw \- put character or word on a" "stream" "putc, putchar," putc(3)
-.xx "" "puts, fputs \- put a string on a" "stream" "" puts(3)
-.xx "" "setbuf \- assign buffering to a" "stream" "" setbuf(3)
-.xx "" "ungetc \- push character back into input" "stream" "" ungetc(3)
-.xx "" "sed \-" "stream editor" "" sed(1)
-.xx "" "feof, ferror, clearerr, fileno \-" "stream status inquiries" "" ferror(3)
-.xx "" "gets, fgets \- get a" "string from a stream" "" gets(3)
-.xx "" "puts, fputs \- put a" "string on a stream" "" puts(3)
-.xx "" "strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex \-" "string operations" "/strncat, strcmp, strncmp," string(3)
-.xx "" "" "strip \- remove symbols and relocation bits" "" strip(1)
-.xx "" "basename \-" "strip filename affixes" "" basename(1)
-.xx "" "/strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy," "strlen, index, rindex \- string operations" "" string(3)
-.xx "" "" "struct \- structure Fortran programs" "" struct(1)
-.xx "" "" "stty \- set terminal options" "" stty(1)
-.xx "" "ioctl," "stty, gtty \- control device" "" ioctl(2)
-.xx "" "" "su \- substitute user id temporarily" "" su(1)
-.xx "" "store, delete, firstkey, nextkey \- data base" "subroutines" "dbminit, fetch," dbm(3)
-.xx "" "su \-" "substitute user id temporarily" "" su(1)
-.xx "" "" "sum \- sum and count blocks in a file" "" sum(1)
-.xx "" "du \-" "summarize disk usage" "" du(1)
-.xx "" "quot \-" "summarize file system ownership" "" quot(1)
-.xx "" "sync \- update the" "super block" "" sync(1)
-.xx "" "update \- periodically update the" "super block" "" update(8)
-.xx "" "sync \- update" "super-block" "" sync(2)
-.xx "" "sleep \-" "suspend execution for an interval" "" sleep(1)
-.xx "" "sleep \-" "suspend execution for interval" "" sleep(3)
-.xx "" "" "swab \- swap bytes" "" swab(3)
-.xx "" "strip \- remove" "symbols and relocation bits" "" strip(1)
-.xx "" "" "sync \- update super-block" "" sync(2)
-.xx "" "" "sync \- update the super block" "" sync(1)
-.xx "messages" "perror," "sys_errlist, sys_nerr \- system error" "" perror(3)
-.xx "" "mtab \- mounted file system" "table" "" mtab(5)
-.xx "" "mkconf \- generate configuration" "tables" "" mkconf(1)
-.xx "" "tbl \- format" "tables for nroff or troff" "" tbl(1)
-.xx "" "tabs \- set terminal" "tabs" "" tabs(1)
-.xx "" "" "tail \- deliver the last part of a file" "" tail(1)
-.xx "functions" "sin, cos," "tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 \- trigonometric" "" sin(3)
-.xx "" "sinh, cosh," "tanh \- hyperbolic functions" "" sinh(3)
-.xx "" "dumpdir \- print the names of files on a dump" "tape" "" dumpdir(1)
-.xx "" "tp \- manipulate" "tape archive" "" tp(1)
-.xx "" "tar \-" "tape archiver" "" tar(1)
-.xx "" "tp \- DEC/mag" "tape formats" "" tp(5)
-.xx "" "" "tar \- tape archiver" "" tar(1)
-.xx "" "" "tbl \- format tables for nroff or troff" "" tbl(1)
-.xx "" "deroff \- remove nroff, troff," "tbl and eqn constructs" "" deroff(1)
-.xx "" "" "tc \- photypesetter simulator" "" tc(1)
-.xx "" "" "tc \- TC-11/TU56 DECtape" "" tc(4)
-.xx "" "" "tee \- pipe fitting" "" tee(1)
-.xx "" "tk \- paginator for the" "Tektronix 4014" "" tk(1)
-.xx "" "lseek," "tell \- move read/write pointer" "" lseek(2)
-.xx "" "su \- substitute user id" "temporarily" "" su(1)
-.xx "" "ttyname, isatty, ttyslot \- find name of a" "terminal" "" ttyname(3)
-.xx "" "ttys \-" "terminal initialization data" "" ttys(5)
-.xx "" "tty \- general" "terminal interface" "" tty(4)
-.xx "" "tty \- get" "terminal name" "" tty(1)
-.xx "" "stty \- set" "terminal options" "" stty(1)
-.xx "" "tabs \- set" "terminal tabs" "" tabs(1)
-.xx "" "" "terminals\- conventional names" "" term(7)
-.xx "" "wait \- wait for process to" "terminate" "" wait(2)
-.xx "" "kill \-" "terminate a process with extreme prejudice" "" kill(1)
-.xx "" "exit \-" "terminate process" "" exit(2)
-.xx "" "" "test \- condition command" "" test(1)
-.xx "" "quiz \-" "test your knowledge" "" quiz(6)
-.xx "" "roff \- format" "text" "" roff(1)
-.xx "" "ed \-" "text editor" "" ed(1)
-.xx "" "troff, nroff \-" "text formatting and typesetting" "" troff(1)
-.xx "" "ttt, cubic \-" "tic-tac-toe" "" ttt(6)
-.xx "" "alarm \- schedule signal after specified" "time" "" alarm(2)
-.xx "" "at \- execute commands at a later" "time" "" at(1)
-.xx "" "stime \- set" "time" "" stime(2)
-.xx "" "time, ftime \- get date and" "time" "" time(2)
-.xx "" "" "time \- time a command" "" time(1)
-.xx "" "" "time, ftime \- get date and time" "" time(2)
-.xx "" "profil \- execution" "time profile" "" profil(2)
-.xx "" "gmtime, asctime, timezone \- convert date and" "time to ASCII" "ctime, localtime," ctime(3)
-.xx "" "times \- get process" "times" "" times(2)
-.xx "" "utime \- set file" "times" "" utime(2)
-.xx "" "" "times \- get process times" "" times(2)
-.xx "" "/login, newgrp, read, readonly, set, shift," "times, trap, umask, wait \- command language" "" sh(1)
-.xx "" "ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime," "timezone \- convert date and time to ASCII" "" ctime(3)
-.xx "" "" "tk \- paginator for the Tektronix 4014" "" tk(1)
-.xx "" "" "tm \- TM-11/TU-10 magtape interface" "" tm(4)
-.xx "" "tsort \-" "topological sort" "" tsort(1)
-.xx "" "" "touch \- update date last modified of a file" "" touch(1)
-.xx "" "" "tp \- DEC/mag tape formats" "" tp(5)
-.xx "" "" "tp \- manipulate tape archive" "" tp(1)
-.xx "" "" "tr \- translate characters" "" tr(1)
-.xx "" "ptrace \- process" "trace" "" ptrace(2)
-.xx "" "tr \-" "translate characters" "" tr(1)
-.xx "" "newgrp, read, readonly, set, shift, times," "trap, umask, wait \- command language" "/login," sh(1)
-.xx "" "sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 \-" "trigonometric functions" "" sin(3)
-.xx "" "tbl \- format tables for nroff or" "troff" "" tbl(1)
-.xx "typesetting" "" "troff, nroff \- text formatting and" "" troff(1)
-.xx "" "deroff \- remove nroff," "troff, tbl and eqn constructs" "" deroff(1)
-.xx "" "" "true, false \- provide truth values" "" true(1)
-.xx "" "" "tsort \- topological sort" "" tsort(1)
-.xx "" "" "ttt, cubic \- tic-tac-toe" "" ttt(6)
-.xx "" "" "tty \- general terminal interface" "" tty(4)
-.xx "" "" "tty \- get terminal name" "" tty(1)
-.xx "terminal" "" "ttyname, isatty, ttyslot \- find name of a" "" ttyname(3)
-.xx "" "" "ttys \- terminal initialization data" "" ttys(5)
-.xx "" "ttyname, isatty," "ttyslot \- find name of a terminal" "" ttyname(3)
-.xx "" "tm \- TM-11/" "TU-10 magtape interface" "" tm(4)
-.xx "" "ht \- RH-11/" "TU-16 magtape interface" "" ht(4)
-.xx "" "tc \- TC-11/" "TU56 DECtape" "" tc(4)
-.xx "" "file \- determine file" "type" "" file(1)
-.xx "" "types \- primitive system data" "types" "" types(5)
-.xx "" "man \- macros to" "typeset manual" "" man(7)
-.xx "" "eqn, neqn, checkeq \-" "typeset mathematics" "" eqn(1)
-.xx "" "troff, nroff \- text formatting and" "typesetting" "" troff(1)
-.xx "" "getty \- set" "typewriter mode" "" getty(8)
-.xx "" "getpw \- get name from" "UID" "" getpw(3)
-.xx "" "" "umask \- set file creation mode mask" "" umask(2)
-.xx "" "read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap," "umask, wait \- command language" "/newgrp," sh(1)
-.xx "" "mount," "umount \- mount and dismount file system" "" mount(1)
-.xx "" "mount," "umount \- mount or remove file system" "" mount(2)
-.xx "stream" "" "ungetc \- push character back into input" "" ungetc(3)
-.xx "" "" "uniq \- report repeated lines in a file" "" uniq(1)
-.xx "" "mktemp \- make a" "unique file name" "" mktemp(3)
-.xx "" "" "units \- conversion program" "" units(1)
-.xx "" "cu \- call" "UNIX" "" cu(1)
-.xx "" "uux \- unix to" "unix command execution" "" uux(1)
-.xx "" "uucp, uulog \- unix to" "unix copy" "" uucp(1)
-.xx "" "uux \-" "unix to unix command execution" "" uux(1)
-.xx "" "uucp, uulog \-" "unix to unix copy" "" uucp(1)
-.xx "" "" "unlink \- remove directory entry" "" unlink(2)
-.xx "" "rm, rmdir \- remove (" "unlink) files" "" rm(1)
-.xx "" "" "update \- periodically update the super block" "" update(8)
-.xx "" "touch \-" "update date last modified of a file" "" touch(1)
-.xx "" "sync \-" "update super-block" "" sync(2)
-.xx "" "sync \-" "update the super block" "" sync(1)
-.xx "" "update \- periodically" "update the super block" "" update(8)
-.xx "" "du \- summarize disk" "usage" "" du(1)
-.xx "" "write \- write to another" "user" "" write(1)
-.xx "" "setuid, setgid \- set" "user and group ID" "" setuid(2)
-.xx "" "getuid, getgid, geteuid, getegid \- get" "user and group identity" "" getuid(2)
-.xx "" "environ \-" "user environment" "" environ(5)
-.xx "" "su \- substitute" "user id temporarily" "" su(1)
-.xx "" "mail \- send or receive mail among" "users" "" mail(1)
-.xx "" "wall \- write to all" "users" "" wall(1)
-.xx "" "" "utime \- set file times" "" utime(2)
-.xx "" "" "utmp, wtmp \- login records" "" utmp(5)
-.xx "" "" "uucp, uulog \- unix to unix copy" "" uucp(1)
-.xx "" "" "uux \- unix to unix command execution" "" uux(1)
-.xx "" "abs \- integer absolute" "value" "" abs(3)
-.xx "" "fabs, floor, ceil \- absolute" "value, floor, ceiling functions" "" floor(3)
-.xx "" "getenv \-" "value for environment name" "" getenv(3)
-.xx "" "true, false \- provide truth" "values" "" true(1)
-.xx "" "assert \- program" "verification" "" assert(3)
-.xx "" "lint \- a C program" "verifier" "" lint(1)
-.xx "" "vp \-" "Versatec printer-plotter" "" vp(4)
-.xx "" "filsys, flblk, ino \- format of file system" "volume" "" filsys(5)
-.xx "" "" "vp \- Versatec printer-plotter" "" vp(4)
-.xx "" "" "wait \- await completion of process" "" wait(1)
-.xx "" "readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask," "wait \- command language" "/newgrp, read," sh(1)
-.xx "" "" "wait \- wait for process to terminate" "" wait(2)
-.xx "" "" "wall \- write to all users" "" wall(1)
-.xx "" "" "wc \- word count" "" wc(1)
-.xx "" "crash \-" "what to do when the system crashes" "" crash(8)
-.xx "export, login, newgrp,/" "sh, for, case, if," "while, break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit," "" sh(1)
-.xx "" "" "who \- who is on the system" "" who(1)
-.xx "" "wc \-" "word count" "" wc(1)
-.xx "" "getchar, fgetc, getw \- get character or" "word from stream" "getc," getc(3)
-.xx "" "hangman, words \-" "word games" "" words(6)
-.xx "" "putchar, fputc, putw \- put character or" "word on a stream" "putc," putc(3)
-.xx "" "hangman," "words \- word games" "" words(6)
-.xx "" "cd \- change" "working directory" "" cd(1)
-.xx "" "pwd \-" "working directory name" "" pwd(1)
-.xx "" "" "write \- write on a file" "" write(2)
-.xx "" "" "write \- write to another user" "" write(1)
-.xx "" "write \-" "write on a file" "" write(2)
-.xx "" "lseek, tell \- move read/" "write pointer" "" lseek(2)
-.xx "" "wall \-" "write to all users" "" wall(1)
-.xx "" "write \-" "write to another user" "" write(1)
-.xx "" "open \- open for reading or" "writing" "" open(2)
-.xx "" "utmp," "wtmp \- login records" "" utmp(5)
-.xx "" "" "wump \- the game of hunt-the-wumpus" "" wump(6)
-.xx "" "xsend," "xget, enroll \- secret mail" "" xsend(1)
-.xx "" "j0, j1, jn," "y0, y1, yn \- bessel functions" "" j0(3)
-.xx "" "" "yacc \- yet another compiler-compiler" "" yacc(1)
//GO.SYSIN DD permindex
echo pref
sed 's/.//' >pref <<'//GO.SYSIN DD pref'
-.TL
-PREFACE
-.LP
-Although this Seventh Edition no longer bears their byline,
-Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie remain the fathers
-and preceptors of the
-.UX
-time-sharing system.
-Many of the improvements here described bear their mark.
-Among many, many other people who have contributed to
-the further flowering of
-\s-2UNIX\s0,
-we wish especially to
-acknowledge the contributions of
-A. V. Aho,
-S. R. Bourne,
-L. L. Cherry,
-G. L. Chesson,
-S. I. Feldman,
-C. B. Haley,
-R. C. Haight,
-S. C. Johnson,
-M. E. Lesk,
-T. L. Lyon,
-L. E. McMahon,
-R. Morris,
-R. Muha,
-D. A. Nowitz,
-L. Wehr,
-and
-P. J. Weinberger.
-We appreciate also 
-the effective advice and criticism of
-T. A. Dolotta,
-A. G. Fraser,
-J. F. Maranzano,
-and
-J. R. Mashey;
-and we remember the important work of
-the late Joseph F. Ossanna.
-.sp 2
-.in 4i
-B. W. Kernighan
-.br
-M. D. McIlroy
-.in 0
//GO.SYSIN DD pref
echo ptxmac
sed 's/.//' >ptxmac <<'//GO.SYSIN DD ptxmac'
-.de xx
-.if !""\\$1" \\$1\fI\a\fR\\$2\t\\$3\fI\a\fR\t\\$5
-.if !""\\$4" \t\\$2\t\\$3\fI\a\fR\\$4\t\\$5
-.if ""\\$1\\$4" \t\\$2\t\\$3\fI\a\fR\t\\$5
-..
-.cs I 30
-.TL
-PERMUTED INDEX
-.LP
-.SM
-.nr VS 9
-.vs \n(VSp
-.nf
-.ta 2.7iR 2.85iL 5.65iR 6.5iR
-.af PN i
-.pn 9
//GO.SYSIN DD ptxmac
echo title
sed 's/.//' >title <<'//GO.SYSIN DD title'
-.de pg
-.ps8
---
-.ps16
-.fp 3 G
-.sp 3.0i
-.ti .25i
-UNIX\s-4\fG\v'-6p'TM\v'6p'\fP\s0 TIME-SHARING SYSTEM:
-.sp |4.0i
-.ps 18
-.ce
-UNIX PROGRAMMER'S MANUAL
-.ps12
-.sp |4.5i
-.ft I
-.ce
-Seventh Edition, Volume \\$1
-.sp |5.0i
-.ce
-January, 1979
-.ps 10
-.sp |9.5i-1
-.ft R
-.ce
-Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated
-.ce
-Murray Hill, New Jersey
-..
-.pg 1
-.bp
-.pg 2A
-.bp
-.pg 2B
//GO.SYSIN DD title
echo xx
sed 's/.//' >xx <<'//GO.SYSIN DD xx'
-.TH NAME SECTION local
-.SH NAME
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.SH FILES
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.SH DIAGNOSTICS
-.SH BUGS
//GO.SYSIN DD xx