{-# OPTIONS_GHC -cpp -fglasgow-exts -fno-warn-orphans -fno-warn-incomplete-patterns #-}
-- |
-- Module : Data.ByteString.Lazy
-- Copyright : (c) Don Stewart 2006
-- (c) Duncan Coutts 2006
-- License : BSD-style
--
-- Maintainer : dons@cse.unsw.edu.au
-- Stability : experimental
-- Portability : non-portable (instance of type synonym)
--
-- A time and space-efficient implementation of lazy byte vectors
-- using lists of packed 'Word8' arrays, suitable for high performance
-- use, both in terms of large data quantities, or high speed
-- requirements. Byte vectors are encoded as lazy lists of strict 'Word8'
-- arrays of bytes. They provide a means to manipulate large byte vectors
-- without requiring the entire vector be resident in memory.
--
-- Some operations, such as concat, append, reverse and cons, have
-- better complexity than their "Data.ByteString" equivalents, due to
-- optimisations resulting from the list spine structure. And for other
-- operations lazy ByteStrings are usually within a few percent of
-- strict ones, but with better heap usage. For data larger than the
-- available memory, or if you have tight memory constraints, this
-- module will be the only option. The default chunk size is 64k, which
-- should be good in most circumstances. For people with large L2
-- caches, you may want to increase this to fit your cache.
--
-- This module is intended to be imported @qualified@, to avoid name
-- clashes with "Prelude" functions. eg.
--
-- > import qualified Data.ByteString.Lazy as B
--
-- Original GHC implementation by Bryan O\'Sullivan.
-- Rewritten to use 'Data.Array.Unboxed.UArray' by Simon Marlow.
-- Rewritten to support slices and use 'Foreign.ForeignPtr.ForeignPtr'
-- by David Roundy.
-- Polished and extended by Don Stewart.
-- Lazy variant by Duncan Coutts and Don Stewart.
--
module Data.ByteString.Lazy (
-- * The @ByteString@ type
ByteString, -- instances: Eq, Ord, Show, Read, Data, Typeable
-- * Introducing and eliminating 'ByteString's
empty, -- :: ByteString
singleton, -- :: Word8 -> ByteString
pack, -- :: [Word8] -> ByteString
unpack, -- :: ByteString -> [Word8]
fromChunks, -- :: [Strict.ByteString] -> ByteString
toChunks, -- :: ByteString -> [Strict.ByteString]
-- * Basic interface
cons, -- :: Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString
cons', -- :: Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString
snoc, -- :: ByteString -> Word8 -> ByteString
append, -- :: ByteString -> ByteString -> ByteString
head, -- :: ByteString -> Word8
uncons, -- :: ByteString -> Maybe (Word8, ByteString)
last, -- :: ByteString -> Word8
tail, -- :: ByteString -> ByteString
init, -- :: ByteString -> ByteString
null, -- :: ByteString -> Bool
length, -- :: ByteString -> Int64
-- * Transformating ByteStrings
map, -- :: (Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> ByteString
reverse, -- :: ByteString -> ByteString
-- intersperse, -- :: Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString
transpose, -- :: [ByteString] -> [ByteString]
-- * Reducing 'ByteString's (folds)
foldl, -- :: (a -> Word8 -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
foldl', -- :: (a -> Word8 -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
foldl1, -- :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Word8
foldl1', -- :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Word8
foldr, -- :: (Word8 -> a -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
foldr1, -- :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Word8
-- ** Special folds
concat, -- :: [ByteString] -> ByteString
concatMap, -- :: (Word8 -> ByteString) -> ByteString -> ByteString
any, -- :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Bool
all, -- :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Bool
maximum, -- :: ByteString -> Word8
minimum, -- :: ByteString -> Word8
-- * Building ByteStrings
-- ** Scans
scanl, -- :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString
-- scanl1, -- :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> ByteString
-- scanr, -- :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString
-- scanr1, -- :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> ByteString
-- ** Accumulating maps
mapAccumL, -- :: (acc -> Word8 -> (acc, Word8)) -> acc -> ByteString -> (acc, ByteString)
mapIndexed, -- :: (Int64 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> ByteString
-- ** Infinite ByteStrings
repeat, -- :: Word8 -> ByteString
replicate, -- :: Int64 -> Word8 -> ByteString
cycle, -- :: ByteString -> ByteString
iterate, -- :: (Word8 -> Word8) -> Word8 -> ByteString
-- ** Unfolding
unfoldr, -- :: (a -> Maybe (Word8, a)) -> a -> ByteString
-- * Substrings
-- ** Breaking strings
take, -- :: Int64 -> ByteString -> ByteString
drop, -- :: Int64 -> ByteString -> ByteString
splitAt, -- :: Int64 -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
takeWhile, -- :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
dropWhile, -- :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
span, -- :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
break, -- :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
group, -- :: ByteString -> [ByteString]
groupBy, -- :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
inits, -- :: ByteString -> [ByteString]
tails, -- :: ByteString -> [ByteString]
-- ** Breaking into many substrings
split, -- :: Word8 -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
splitWith, -- :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
-- ** Joining strings
join, -- :: ByteString -> [ByteString] -> ByteString
-- * Predicates
isPrefixOf, -- :: ByteString -> ByteString -> Bool
-- isSuffixOf, -- :: ByteString -> ByteString -> Bool
-- * Searching ByteStrings
-- ** Searching by equality
elem, -- :: Word8 -> ByteString -> Bool
notElem, -- :: Word8 -> ByteString -> Bool
-- ** Searching with a predicate
find, -- :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Maybe Word8
filter, -- :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
-- partition -- :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
-- * Indexing ByteStrings
index, -- :: ByteString -> Int64 -> Word8
elemIndex, -- :: Word8 -> ByteString -> Maybe Int64
elemIndices, -- :: Word8 -> ByteString -> [Int64]
findIndex, -- :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Maybe Int64
findIndices, -- :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [Int64]
count, -- :: Word8 -> ByteString -> Int64
-- * Zipping and unzipping ByteStrings
zip, -- :: ByteString -> ByteString -> [(Word8,Word8)]
zipWith, -- :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> c) -> ByteString -> ByteString -> [c]
-- unzip, -- :: [(Word8,Word8)] -> (ByteString,ByteString)
-- * Ordered ByteStrings
-- sort, -- :: ByteString -> ByteString
copy, -- :: ByteString -> ByteString
-- * I\/O with 'ByteString's
-- ** Standard input and output
getContents, -- :: IO ByteString
putStr, -- :: ByteString -> IO ()
putStrLn, -- :: ByteString -> IO ()
interact, -- :: (ByteString -> ByteString) -> IO ()
-- ** Files
readFile, -- :: FilePath -> IO ByteString
writeFile, -- :: FilePath -> ByteString -> IO ()
appendFile, -- :: FilePath -> ByteString -> IO ()
-- ** I\/O with Handles
hGetContents, -- :: Handle -> IO ByteString
hGet, -- :: Handle -> Int -> IO ByteString
hPut, -- :: Handle -> ByteString -> IO ()
hGetNonBlocking, -- :: Handle -> IO ByteString
-- hGetN, -- :: Int -> Handle -> Int -> IO ByteString
-- hGetContentsN, -- :: Int -> Handle -> IO ByteString
-- hGetNonBlockingN, -- :: Int -> Handle -> IO ByteString
) where
import qualified Prelude
import Prelude hiding
(reverse,head,tail,last,init,null,length,map,lines,foldl,foldr,unlines
,concat,any,take,drop,splitAt,takeWhile,dropWhile,span,break,elem,filter,maximum
,minimum,all,concatMap,foldl1,foldr1,scanl, scanl1, scanr, scanr1
,repeat, cycle, interact, iterate,readFile,writeFile,appendFile,replicate
,getContents,getLine,putStr,putStrLn ,zip,zipWith,unzip,notElem)
import qualified Data.List as L -- L for list/lazy
import qualified Data.ByteString as S -- S for strict (hmm...)
import qualified Data.ByteString as P -- P for packed
import qualified Data.ByteString.Base as P
import qualified Data.ByteString.Base
import Data.ByteString.Base (LazyByteString(LPS))
import qualified Data.ByteString.Fusion as P
import Data.ByteString.Fusion (PairS((:*:)),loopL)
import Data.Monoid (Monoid(..))
import Data.Word (Word8)
import Data.Int (Int64)
import System.IO (Handle,stdin,stdout,openBinaryFile,IOMode(..)
,hClose,hWaitForInput,hIsEOF)
import System.IO.Unsafe
#ifndef __NHC__
import Control.Exception (bracket)
#else
import IO (bracket)
#endif
import Foreign.ForeignPtr (withForeignPtr)
import Foreign.Ptr
import Foreign.Storable
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
-- Useful macros, until we have bang patterns
--
#define STRICT1(f) f a | a `seq` False = undefined
#define STRICT2(f) f a b | a `seq` b `seq` False = undefined
#define STRICT3(f) f a b c | a `seq` b `seq` c `seq` False = undefined
#define STRICT4(f) f a b c d | a `seq` b `seq` c `seq` d `seq` False = undefined
#define STRICT5(f) f a b c d e | a `seq` b `seq` c `seq` d `seq` e `seq` False = undefined
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
type ByteString = LazyByteString
--
-- hmm, what about getting the PS constructor unpacked into the cons cell?
--
-- data List = Nil | Cons {-# UNPACK #-} !S.ByteString List
--
-- Would avoid one indirection per chunk.
--
unLPS :: ByteString -> [S.ByteString]
unLPS (LPS xs) = xs
{-# INLINE unLPS #-}
instance Eq LazyByteString
where (==) = eq
instance Ord LazyByteString
where compare = compareBytes
instance Monoid LazyByteString where
mempty = empty
mappend = append
mconcat = concat
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- XXX
-- The data type invariant:
-- Every ByteString is either empty or consists of non-null ByteStrings.
-- All functions must preserve this, and the QC properties must check this.
--
_invariant :: ByteString -> Bool
_invariant (LPS []) = True
_invariant (LPS xs) = L.all (not . P.null) xs
-- In a form useful for QC testing
_checkInvariant :: ByteString -> ByteString
_checkInvariant lps
| _invariant lps = lps
| otherwise = moduleError "invariant" ("violation: " ++ show lps)
-- The Data abstraction function
--
_abstr :: ByteString -> S.ByteString
_abstr (LPS []) = Data.ByteString.Base.empty
_abstr (LPS xs) = P.concat xs
-- The representation uses lists of packed chunks. When we have to convert from
-- a lazy list to the chunked representation, then by default we'll use this
-- chunk size. Some functions give you more control over the chunk size.
--
-- Measurements here:
-- http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~dons/tmp/chunksize_v_cache.png
--
-- indicate that a value around 0.5 to 1 x your L2 cache is best.
-- The following value assumes people have something greater than 128k,
-- and need to share the cache with other programs.
--
defaultChunkSize :: Int
defaultChunkSize = 32 * k - overhead
where k = 1024
overhead = 2 * sizeOf (undefined :: Int)
smallChunkSize :: Int
smallChunkSize = 4 * k - overhead
where k = 1024
overhead = 2 * sizeOf (undefined :: Int)
-- defaultChunkSize = 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------
eq :: ByteString -> ByteString -> Bool
eq (LPS xs) (LPS ys) = eq' xs ys
where eq' [] [] = True
eq' [] _ = False
eq' _ [] = False
eq' (a:as) (b:bs) =
case compare (P.length a) (P.length b) of
LT -> a == (P.take (P.length a) b) && eq' as (P.drop (P.length a) b : bs)
EQ -> a == b && eq' as bs
GT -> (P.take (P.length b) a) == b && eq' (P.drop (P.length b) a : as) bs
compareBytes :: ByteString -> ByteString -> Ordering
compareBytes (LPS xs) (LPS ys) = cmp xs ys
where cmp [] [] = EQ
cmp [] _ = LT
cmp _ [] = GT
cmp (a:as) (b:bs) =
case compare (P.length a) (P.length b) of
LT -> case compare a (P.take (P.length a) b) of
EQ -> cmp as (P.drop (P.length a) b : bs)
result -> result
EQ -> case compare a b of
EQ -> cmp as bs
result -> result
GT -> case compare (P.take (P.length b) a) b of
EQ -> cmp (P.drop (P.length b) a : as) bs
result -> result
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Introducing and eliminating 'ByteString's
-- | /O(1)/ The empty 'ByteString'
empty :: ByteString
empty = LPS []
{-# NOINLINE empty #-}
-- | /O(1)/ Convert a 'Word8' into a 'ByteString'
singleton :: Word8 -> ByteString
singleton c = LPS [P.singleton c]
{-# NOINLINE singleton #-}
-- | /O(n)/ Convert a '[Word8]' into a 'ByteString'.
pack :: [Word8] -> ByteString
pack str = LPS $ L.map P.pack (chunk defaultChunkSize str)
-- ?
chunk :: Int -> [a] -> [[a]]
chunk _ [] = []
chunk size xs = case L.splitAt size xs of (xs', xs'') -> xs' : chunk size xs''
-- | /O(n)/ Converts a 'ByteString' to a '[Word8]'.
unpack :: ByteString -> [Word8]
unpack (LPS ss) = L.concatMap P.unpack ss
{-# INLINE unpack #-}
-- | /O(c)/ Convert a list of strict 'ByteString' into a lazy 'ByteString'
fromChunks :: [S.ByteString] -> ByteString
fromChunks ls = LPS $ L.filter (not . P.null) ls
-- | /O(n)/ Convert a lazy 'ByteString' into a list of strict 'ByteString'
toChunks :: ByteString -> [S.ByteString]
toChunks (LPS s) = s
------------------------------------------------------------------------
{-
-- | /O(n)/ Convert a '[a]' into a 'ByteString' using some
-- conversion function
packWith :: (a -> Word8) -> [a] -> ByteString
packWith k str = LPS $ L.map (P.packWith k) (chunk defaultChunkSize str)
{-# INLINE packWith #-}
{-# SPECIALIZE packWith :: (Char -> Word8) -> [Char] -> ByteString #-}
-- | /O(n)/ Converts a 'ByteString' to a '[a]', using a conversion function.
unpackWith :: (Word8 -> a) -> ByteString -> [a]
unpackWith k (LPS ss) = L.concatMap (P.unpackWith k) ss
{-# INLINE unpackWith #-}
{-# SPECIALIZE unpackWith :: (Word8 -> Char) -> ByteString -> [Char] #-}
-}
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Basic interface
-- | /O(1)/ Test whether a ByteString is empty.
null :: ByteString -> Bool
null (LPS []) = True
null (_) = False
{-# INLINE null #-}
-- | /O(n\/c)/ 'length' returns the length of a ByteString as an 'Int64'
length :: ByteString -> Int64
length (LPS ss) = L.foldl' (\n ps -> n + fromIntegral (P.length ps)) 0 ss
-- avoid the intermediate list?
-- length (LPS ss) = L.foldl lengthF 0 ss
-- where lengthF n s = let m = n + fromIntegral (P.length s) in m `seq` m
{-# INLINE length #-}
-- | /O(1)/ 'cons' is analogous to '(:)' for lists.
--
cons :: Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString
cons c (LPS ss) = LPS (P.singleton c : ss)
{-# INLINE cons #-}
-- | /O(1)/ Unlike 'cons', 'cons\'' is
-- strict in the ByteString that we are consing onto. More precisely, it forces
-- the head and the first chunk. It does this because, for space efficiency, it
-- may coalesce the new byte onto the first \'chunk\' rather than starting a
-- new \'chunk\'.
--
-- So that means you can't use a lazy recursive contruction like this:
--
-- > let xs = cons\' c xs in xs
--
-- You can however use 'cons', as well as 'repeat' and 'cycle', to build
-- infinite lazy ByteStrings.
--
cons' :: Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString
cons' c (LPS (s:ss)) | P.length s < 16 = LPS (P.cons c s : ss)
cons' c (LPS ss) = LPS (P.singleton c : ss)
{-# INLINE cons' #-}
-- | /O(n\/c)/ Append a byte to the end of a 'ByteString'
snoc :: ByteString -> Word8 -> ByteString
snoc (LPS ss) c = LPS (ss ++ [P.singleton c])
{-# INLINE snoc #-}
-- | /O(1)/ Extract the first element of a ByteString, which must be non-empty.
head :: ByteString -> Word8
head (LPS []) = errorEmptyList "head"
head (LPS (x:_)) = P.unsafeHead x
{-# INLINE head #-}
-- | /O(1)/ Extract the head and tail of a ByteString, returning Nothing
-- if it is empty.
uncons :: ByteString -> Maybe (Word8, ByteString)
uncons (LPS []) = Nothing
uncons (LPS (x:xs))
= Just (P.unsafeHead x,
if P.length x == 1 then LPS xs else LPS (P.unsafeTail x : xs))
{-# INLINE uncons #-}
-- | /O(1)/ Extract the elements after the head of a ByteString, which must be non-empty.
tail :: ByteString -> ByteString
tail (LPS []) = errorEmptyList "tail"
tail (LPS (x:xs))
| P.length x == 1 = LPS xs
| otherwise = LPS (P.unsafeTail x : xs)
{-# INLINE tail #-}
-- | /O(n\/c)/ Extract the last element of a ByteString, which must be finite and non-empty.
last :: ByteString -> Word8
last (LPS []) = errorEmptyList "last"
last (LPS xs) = P.last (L.last xs)
{-# INLINE last #-}
-- | /O(n\/c)/ Return all the elements of a 'ByteString' except the last one.
init :: ByteString -> ByteString
init (LPS []) = errorEmptyList "init"
init (LPS xs)
| P.length y == 1 = LPS ys
| otherwise = LPS (ys ++ [P.init y])
where (y,ys) = (L.last xs, L.init xs)
{-# INLINE init #-}
-- | /O(n\/c)/ Append two ByteStrings
append :: ByteString -> ByteString -> ByteString
append (LPS []) (LPS ys) = LPS ys
append (LPS xs) (LPS ys) = LPS (xs ++ ys)
{-# INLINE append #-}
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Transformations
-- | /O(n)/ 'map' @f xs@ is the ByteString obtained by applying @f@ to each
-- element of @xs@.
map :: (Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> ByteString
--map f (LPS xs) = LPS (L.map (P.map' f) xs)
map f = LPS . P.loopArr . loopL (P.mapEFL f) P.NoAcc . unLPS
{-# INLINE map #-}
-- | /O(n)/ 'reverse' @xs@ efficiently returns the elements of @xs@ in reverse order.
reverse :: ByteString -> ByteString
reverse (LPS ps) = LPS (rev [] ps)
where rev a [] = a
rev a (x:xs) = rev (P.reverse x:a) xs
-- note, here is one example where the extra element lazyness is an advantage.
-- we can reerse the list of chunks strictly but reverse each chunk lazily
-- so while we may force the whole lot into memory we do not need to copy
-- each chunk until it is used.
{-# INLINE reverse #-}
-- The 'intersperse' function takes a 'Word8' and a 'ByteString' and
-- \`intersperses\' that byte between the elements of the 'ByteString'.
-- It is analogous to the intersperse function on Lists.
-- intersperse :: Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString
-- intersperse = error "FIXME: not yet implemented"
{-
intersperse c (LPS []) = LPS []
intersperse c (LPS (x:xs)) = LPS (P.intersperse c x : L.map intersperse')
where intersperse' c ps@(PS x s l) =
P.create (2*l) $ \p -> withForeignPtr x $ \f ->
poke p c
c_intersperse (p `plusPtr` 1) (f `plusPtr` s) l c
-}
-- | The 'transpose' function transposes the rows and columns of its
-- 'ByteString' argument.
transpose :: [ByteString] -> [ByteString]
transpose s = L.map (\ss -> LPS [P.pack ss]) (L.transpose (L.map unpack s))
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Reducing 'ByteString's
-- | 'foldl', applied to a binary operator, a starting value (typically
-- the left-identity of the operator), and a ByteString, reduces the
-- ByteString using the binary operator, from left to right.
foldl :: (a -> Word8 -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
--foldl f z (LPS xs) = L.foldl (P.foldl f) z xs
foldl f z = P.loopAcc . loopL (P.foldEFL f) z . unLPS
{-# INLINE foldl #-}
-- | 'foldl\'' is like 'foldl', but strict in the accumulator.
foldl' :: (a -> Word8 -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
--foldl' f z (LPS xs) = L.foldl' (P.foldl' f) z xs
foldl' f z = P.loopAcc . loopL (P.foldEFL' f) z . unLPS
{-# INLINE foldl' #-}
-- | 'foldr', applied to a binary operator, a starting value
-- (typically the right-identity of the operator), and a ByteString,
-- reduces the ByteString using the binary operator, from right to left.
foldr :: (Word8 -> a -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
foldr k z (LPS xs) = L.foldr (flip (P.foldr k)) z xs
{-# INLINE foldr #-}
-- | 'foldl1' is a variant of 'foldl' that has no starting value
-- argument, and thus must be applied to non-empty 'ByteStrings'.
-- This function is subject to array fusion.
foldl1 :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Word8
foldl1 _ (LPS []) = errorEmptyList "foldl1"
foldl1 f (LPS (x:xs)) = foldl f (P.unsafeHead x) (LPS (P.unsafeTail x : xs))
-- | 'foldl1\'' is like 'foldl1', but strict in the accumulator.
foldl1' :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Word8
foldl1' _ (LPS []) = errorEmptyList "foldl1'"
foldl1' f (LPS (x:xs)) = foldl' f (P.unsafeHead x) (LPS (P.unsafeTail x : xs))
-- | 'foldr1' is a variant of 'foldr' that has no starting value argument,
-- and thus must be applied to non-empty 'ByteString's
foldr1 :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Word8
foldr1 _ (LPS []) = errorEmptyList "foldr1"
foldr1 f (LPS ps) = foldr1' ps
where foldr1' (x:[]) = P.foldr1 f x
foldr1' (x:xs) = P.foldr f (foldr1' xs) x
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Special folds
-- | /O(n)/ Concatenate a list of ByteStrings.
concat :: [ByteString] -> ByteString
concat lpss = LPS (L.concatMap (\(LPS xs) -> xs) lpss)
-- | Map a function over a 'ByteString' and concatenate the results
concatMap :: (Word8 -> ByteString) -> ByteString -> ByteString
concatMap f (LPS lps) = LPS (filterMap (P.concatMap k) lps)
where
k w = case f w of LPS xs -> P.concat xs
-- | /O(n)/ Applied to a predicate and a ByteString, 'any' determines if
-- any element of the 'ByteString' satisfies the predicate.
any :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Bool
any f (LPS xs) = L.or (L.map (P.any f) xs)
-- todo fuse
-- | /O(n)/ Applied to a predicate and a 'ByteString', 'all' determines
-- if all elements of the 'ByteString' satisfy the predicate.
all :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Bool
all f (LPS xs) = L.and (L.map (P.all f) xs)
-- todo fuse
-- | /O(n)/ 'maximum' returns the maximum value from a 'ByteString'
maximum :: ByteString -> Word8
maximum (LPS []) = errorEmptyList "maximum"
maximum (LPS (x:xs)) = L.foldl' (\n ps -> n `max` P.maximum ps) (P.maximum x) xs
{-# INLINE maximum #-}
-- | /O(n)/ 'minimum' returns the minimum value from a 'ByteString'
minimum :: ByteString -> Word8
minimum (LPS []) = errorEmptyList "minimum"
minimum (LPS (x:xs)) = L.foldl' (\n ps -> n `min` P.minimum ps) (P.minimum x) xs
{-# INLINE minimum #-}
-- | The 'mapAccumL' function behaves like a combination of 'map' and
-- 'foldl'; it applies a function to each element of a ByteString,
-- passing an accumulating parameter from left to right, and returning a
-- final value of this accumulator together with the new ByteString.
mapAccumL :: (acc -> Word8 -> (acc, Word8)) -> acc -> ByteString -> (acc, ByteString)
mapAccumL f z = (\(a :*: ps) -> (a, LPS ps)) . loopL (P.mapAccumEFL f) z . unLPS
-- | /O(n)/ map Word8 functions, provided with the index at each position
mapIndexed :: (Int -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> ByteString
mapIndexed f = LPS . P.loopArr . loopL (P.mapIndexEFL f) 0 . unLPS
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Building ByteStrings
-- | 'scanl' is similar to 'foldl', but returns a list of successive
-- reduced values from the left. This function will fuse.
--
-- > scanl f z [x1, x2, ...] == [z, z `f` x1, (z `f` x1) `f` x2, ...]
--
-- Note that
--
-- > last (scanl f z xs) == foldl f z xs.
scanl :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString
scanl f z ps = LPS . P.loopArr . loopL (P.scanEFL f) z . unLPS $ (ps `snoc` 0)
{-# INLINE scanl #-}
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Unfolds and replicates
-- | @'iterate' f x@ returns an infinite ByteString of repeated applications
-- of @f@ to @x@:
--
-- > iterate f x == [x, f x, f (f x), ...]
--
iterate :: (Word8 -> Word8) -> Word8 -> ByteString
iterate f = unfoldr (\x -> case f x of x' -> x' `seq` Just (x', x'))
-- | @'repeat' x@ is an infinite ByteString, with @x@ the value of every
-- element.
--
repeat :: Word8 -> ByteString
repeat c = LPS (L.repeat block)
where block = P.replicate smallChunkSize c
-- | /O(n)/ @'replicate' n x@ is a ByteString of length @n@ with @x@
-- the value of every element.
--
replicate :: Int64 -> Word8 -> ByteString
replicate w c
| w <= 0 = empty
| w < fromIntegral smallChunkSize = LPS [P.replicate (fromIntegral w) c]
| r == 0 = LPS (L.genericReplicate q s) -- preserve invariant
| otherwise = LPS (P.unsafeTake (fromIntegral r) s : L.genericReplicate q s)
where
s = P.replicate smallChunkSize c
(q, r) = quotRem w (fromIntegral smallChunkSize)
-- | 'cycle' ties a finite ByteString into a circular one, or equivalently,
-- the infinite repetition of the original ByteString.
--
cycle :: ByteString -> ByteString
cycle (LPS []) = errorEmptyList "cycle"
cycle (LPS xs) = LPS (L.cycle xs)
-- | /O(n)/ The 'unfoldr' function is analogous to the List \'unfoldr\'.
-- 'unfoldr' builds a ByteString from a seed value. The function takes
-- the element and returns 'Nothing' if it is done producing the
-- ByteString or returns 'Just' @(a,b)@, in which case, @a@ is a
-- prepending to the ByteString and @b@ is used as the next element in a
-- recursive call.
unfoldr :: (a -> Maybe (Word8, a)) -> a -> ByteString
unfoldr f = LPS . unfoldChunk 32
where unfoldChunk n x =
case P.unfoldrN n f x of
(s, Nothing)
| P.null s -> []
| otherwise -> s : []
(s, Just x') -> s : unfoldChunk ((n*2) `min` smallChunkSize) x'
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Substrings
-- | /O(n\/c)/ 'take' @n@, applied to a ByteString @xs@, returns the prefix
-- of @xs@ of length @n@, or @xs@ itself if @n > 'length' xs@.
take :: Int64 -> ByteString -> ByteString
take i _ | i <= 0 = empty
take i (LPS ps) = LPS (take' i ps)
where take' 0 _ = []
take' _ [] = []
take' n (x:xs) =
if n < fromIntegral (P.length x)
then P.take (fromIntegral n) x : []
else x : take' (n - fromIntegral (P.length x)) xs
-- | /O(n\/c)/ 'drop' @n xs@ returns the suffix of @xs@ after the first @n@
-- elements, or @[]@ if @n > 'length' xs@.
drop :: Int64 -> ByteString -> ByteString
drop i p | i <= 0 = p
drop i (LPS ps) = LPS (drop' i ps)
where drop' 0 xs = xs
drop' _ [] = []
drop' n (x:xs) =
if n < fromIntegral (P.length x)
then P.drop (fromIntegral n) x : xs
else drop' (n - fromIntegral (P.length x)) xs
-- | /O(n\/c)/ 'splitAt' @n xs@ is equivalent to @('take' n xs, 'drop' n xs)@.
splitAt :: Int64 -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
splitAt i p | i <= 0 = (empty, p)
splitAt i (LPS ps) = case splitAt' i ps of (a,b) -> (LPS a, LPS b)
where splitAt' 0 xs = ([], xs)
splitAt' _ [] = ([], [])
splitAt' n (x:xs) =
if n < fromIntegral (P.length x)
then (P.take (fromIntegral n) x : [],
P.drop (fromIntegral n) x : xs)
else let (xs', xs'') = splitAt' (n - fromIntegral (P.length x)) xs
in (x:xs', xs'')
-- | 'takeWhile', applied to a predicate @p@ and a ByteString @xs@,
-- returns the longest prefix (possibly empty) of @xs@ of elements that
-- satisfy @p@.
takeWhile :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
takeWhile f (LPS ps) = LPS (takeWhile' ps)
where takeWhile' [] = []
takeWhile' (x:xs) =
case findIndexOrEnd (not . f) x of
0 -> []
n | n < P.length x -> P.take n x : []
| otherwise -> x : takeWhile' xs
-- | 'dropWhile' @p xs@ returns the suffix remaining after 'takeWhile' @p xs@.
dropWhile :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
dropWhile f (LPS ps) = LPS (dropWhile' ps)
where dropWhile' [] = []
dropWhile' (x:xs) =
case findIndexOrEnd (not . f) x of
n | n < P.length x -> P.drop n x : xs
| otherwise -> dropWhile' xs
-- | 'break' @p@ is equivalent to @'span' ('not' . p)@.
break :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
break f (LPS ps) = case (break' ps) of (a,b) -> (LPS a, LPS b)
where break' [] = ([], [])
break' (x:xs) =
case findIndexOrEnd f x of
0 -> ([], x : xs)
n | n < P.length x -> (P.take n x : [], P.drop n x : xs)
| otherwise -> let (xs', xs'') = break' xs
in (x : xs', xs'')
--
-- TODO
--
-- Add rules
--
{-
-- | 'breakByte' breaks its ByteString argument at the first occurence
-- of the specified byte. It is more efficient than 'break' as it is
-- implemented with @memchr(3)@. I.e.
--
-- > break (=='c') "abcd" == breakByte 'c' "abcd"
--
breakByte :: Word8 -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
breakByte c (LPS ps) = case (breakByte' ps) of (a,b) -> (LPS a, LPS b)
where breakByte' [] = ([], [])
breakByte' (x:xs) =
case P.elemIndex c x of
Just 0 -> ([], x : xs)
Just n -> (P.take n x : [], P.drop n x : xs)
Nothing -> let (xs', xs'') = breakByte' xs
in (x : xs', xs'')
-- | 'spanByte' breaks its ByteString argument at the first
-- occurence of a byte other than its argument. It is more efficient
-- than 'span (==)'
--
-- > span (=='c') "abcd" == spanByte 'c' "abcd"
--
spanByte :: Word8 -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
spanByte c (LPS ps) = case (spanByte' ps) of (a,b) -> (LPS a, LPS b)
where spanByte' [] = ([], [])
spanByte' (x:xs) =
case P.spanByte c x of
(x', x'') | P.null x' -> ([], x : xs)
| P.null x'' -> let (xs', xs'') = spanByte' xs
in (x : xs', xs'')
| otherwise -> (x' : [], x'' : xs)
-}
-- | 'span' @p xs@ breaks the ByteString into two segments. It is
-- equivalent to @('takeWhile' p xs, 'dropWhile' p xs)@
span :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
span p = break (not . p)
-- | /O(n)/ Splits a 'ByteString' into components delimited by
-- separators, where the predicate returns True for a separator element.
-- The resulting components do not contain the separators. Two adjacent
-- separators result in an empty component in the output. eg.
--
-- > splitWith (=='a') "aabbaca" == ["","","bb","c",""]
-- > splitWith (=='a') [] == []
--
splitWith :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
splitWith _ (LPS []) = []
splitWith p (LPS (a:as)) = comb [] (P.splitWith p a) as
where comb :: [S.ByteString] -> [S.ByteString] -> [S.ByteString] -> [ByteString]
comb acc (s:[]) [] = LPS (L.reverse (cons2 s acc)) : []
comb acc (s:[]) (x:xs) = comb (cons2 s acc) (P.splitWith p x) xs
comb acc (s:ss) xs = LPS (L.reverse (cons2 s acc)) : comb [] ss xs
cons2 x xs | P.null x = xs
| otherwise = x:xs
{-# INLINE cons2 #-}
{-# INLINE splitWith #-}
-- | /O(n)/ Break a 'ByteString' into pieces separated by the byte
-- argument, consuming the delimiter. I.e.
--
-- > split '\n' "a\nb\nd\ne" == ["a","b","d","e"]
-- > split 'a' "aXaXaXa" == ["","X","X","X",""]
-- > split 'x' "x" == ["",""]
--
-- and
--
-- > join [c] . split c == id
-- > split == splitWith . (==)
--
-- As for all splitting functions in this library, this function does
-- not copy the substrings, it just constructs new 'ByteStrings' that
-- are slices of the original.
--
split :: Word8 -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
split _ (LPS []) = []
split c (LPS (a:as)) = comb [] (P.split c a) as
where comb :: [S.ByteString] -> [S.ByteString] -> [S.ByteString] -> [ByteString]
comb acc (s:[]) [] = LPS (L.reverse (cons2 s acc)) : []
comb acc (s:[]) (x:xs) = comb (cons2 s acc) (P.split c x) xs
comb acc (s:ss) xs = LPS (L.reverse (cons2 s acc)) : comb [] ss xs
cons2 x xs | P.null x = xs
| otherwise = x:xs
{-# INLINE cons2 #-}
{-# INLINE split #-}
{-
-- | Like 'splitWith', except that sequences of adjacent separators are
-- treated as a single separator. eg.
--
-- > tokens (=='a') "aabbaca" == ["bb","c"]
--
tokens :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
tokens f = L.filter (not.null) . splitWith f
-}
-- | The 'group' function takes a ByteString and returns a list of
-- ByteStrings such that the concatenation of the result is equal to the
-- argument. Moreover, each sublist in the result contains only equal
-- elements. For example,
--
-- > group "Mississippi" = ["M","i","ss","i","ss","i","pp","i"]
--
-- It is a special case of 'groupBy', which allows the programmer to
-- supply their own equality test.
group :: ByteString -> [ByteString]
group (LPS []) = []
group (LPS (a:as)) = group' [] (P.group a) as
where group' :: [S.ByteString] -> [S.ByteString] -> [S.ByteString] -> [ByteString]
group' acc@(s':_) ss@(s:_) xs
| P.unsafeHead s'
/= P.unsafeHead s = LPS (L.reverse acc) : group' [] ss xs
group' acc (s:[]) [] = LPS (L.reverse (s : acc)) : []
group' acc (s:[]) (x:xs) = group' (s:acc) (P.group x) xs
group' acc (s:ss) xs = LPS (L.reverse (s : acc)) : group' [] ss xs
{-
TODO: check if something like this might be faster
group :: ByteString -> [ByteString]
group xs
| null xs = []
| otherwise = ys : group zs
where
(ys, zs) = spanByte (unsafeHead xs) xs
-}
-- | The 'groupBy' function is the non-overloaded version of 'group'.
--
groupBy :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
groupBy = error "Data.ByteString.Lazy.groupBy: unimplemented"
{-
groupBy _ (LPS []) = []
groupBy k (LPS (a:as)) = groupBy' [] 0 (P.groupBy k a) as
where groupBy' :: [S.ByteString] -> Word8 -> [S.ByteString] -> [S.ByteString] -> [ByteString]
groupBy' acc@(_:_) c ss@(s:_) xs
| not (c `k` P.unsafeHead s) = LPS (L.reverse acc) : groupBy' [] 0 ss xs
groupBy' acc _ (s:[]) [] = LPS (L.reverse (s : acc)) : []
groupBy' [] _ (s:[]) (x:xs) = groupBy' (s:[]) (P.unsafeHead s) (P.groupBy k x) xs
groupBy' acc c (s:[]) (x:xs) = groupBy' (s:acc) c (P.groupBy k x) xs
groupBy' acc _ (s:ss) xs = LPS (L.reverse (s : acc)) : groupBy' [] 0 ss xs
-}
{-
TODO: check if something like this might be faster
groupBy :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
groupBy k xs
| null xs = []
| otherwise = take n xs : groupBy k (drop n xs)
where
n = 1 + findIndexOrEnd (not . k (head xs)) (tail xs)
-}
-- | /O(n)/ The 'join' function takes a 'ByteString' and a list of
-- 'ByteString's and concatenates the list after interspersing the first
-- argument between each element of the list.
join :: ByteString -> [ByteString] -> ByteString
join s = concat . (L.intersperse s)
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Indexing ByteStrings
-- | /O(c)/ 'ByteString' index (subscript) operator, starting from 0.
index :: ByteString -> Int64 -> Word8
index _ i | i < 0 = moduleError "index" ("negative index: " ++ show i)
index (LPS ps) i = index' ps i
where index' [] n = moduleError "index" ("index too large: " ++ show n)
index' (x:xs) n
| n >= fromIntegral (P.length x) =
index' xs (n - fromIntegral (P.length x))
| otherwise = P.unsafeIndex x (fromIntegral n)
-- | /O(n)/ The 'elemIndex' function returns the index of the first
-- element in the given 'ByteString' which is equal to the query
-- element, or 'Nothing' if there is no such element.
-- This implementation uses memchr(3).
elemIndex :: Word8 -> ByteString -> Maybe Int64
elemIndex c (LPS ps) = elemIndex' 0 ps
where elemIndex' _ [] = Nothing
elemIndex' n (x:xs) =
case P.elemIndex c x of
Nothing -> elemIndex' (n + fromIntegral (P.length x)) xs
Just i -> Just (n + fromIntegral i)
{-
-- | /O(n)/ The 'elemIndexEnd' function returns the last index of the
-- element in the given 'ByteString' which is equal to the query
-- element, or 'Nothing' if there is no such element. The following
-- holds:
--
-- > elemIndexEnd c xs ==
-- > (-) (length xs - 1) `fmap` elemIndex c (reverse xs)
--
elemIndexEnd :: Word8 -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
elemIndexEnd ch (PS x s l) = inlinePerformIO $ withForeignPtr x $ \p ->
go (p `plusPtr` s) (l-1)
where
STRICT2(go)
go p i | i < 0 = return Nothing
| otherwise = do ch' <- peekByteOff p i
if ch == ch'
then return $ Just i
else go p (i-1)
-}
-- | /O(n)/ The 'elemIndices' function extends 'elemIndex', by returning
-- the indices of all elements equal to the query element, in ascending order.
-- This implementation uses memchr(3).
elemIndices :: Word8 -> ByteString -> [Int64]
elemIndices c (LPS ps) = elemIndices' 0 ps
where elemIndices' _ [] = []
elemIndices' n (x:xs) = L.map ((+n).fromIntegral) (P.elemIndices c x)
++ elemIndices' (n + fromIntegral (P.length x)) xs
-- | count returns the number of times its argument appears in the ByteString
--
-- > count = length . elemIndices
--
-- But more efficiently than using length on the intermediate list.
count :: Word8 -> ByteString -> Int64
count w (LPS xs) = L.foldl' (\n ps -> n + fromIntegral (P.count w ps)) 0 xs
-- | The 'findIndex' function takes a predicate and a 'ByteString' and
-- returns the index of the first element in the ByteString
-- satisfying the predicate.
findIndex :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Maybe Int64
findIndex k (LPS ps) = findIndex' 0 ps
where findIndex' _ [] = Nothing
findIndex' n (x:xs) =
case P.findIndex k x of
Nothing -> findIndex' (n + fromIntegral (P.length x)) xs
Just i -> Just (n + fromIntegral i)
{-# INLINE findIndex #-}
-- | /O(n)/ The 'find' function takes a predicate and a ByteString,
-- and returns the first element in matching the predicate, or 'Nothing'
-- if there is no such element.
--
-- > find f p = case findIndex f p of Just n -> Just (p ! n) ; _ -> Nothing
--
find :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Maybe Word8
find f (LPS ps) = find' ps
where find' [] = Nothing
find' (x:xs) = case P.find f x of
Nothing -> find' xs
Just w -> Just w
{-# INLINE find #-}
-- | The 'findIndices' function extends 'findIndex', by returning the
-- indices of all elements satisfying the predicate, in ascending order.
findIndices :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [Int64]
findIndices k (LPS ps) = findIndices' 0 ps
where findIndices' _ [] = []
findIndices' n (x:xs) = L.map ((+n).fromIntegral) (P.findIndices k x)
++ findIndices' (n + fromIntegral (P.length x)) xs
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Searching ByteStrings
-- | /O(n)/ 'elem' is the 'ByteString' membership predicate.
elem :: Word8 -> ByteString -> Bool
elem c ps = case elemIndex c ps of Nothing -> False ; _ -> True
-- | /O(n)/ 'notElem' is the inverse of 'elem'
notElem :: Word8 -> ByteString -> Bool
notElem c ps = not (elem c ps)
-- | /O(n)/ 'filter', applied to a predicate and a ByteString,
-- returns a ByteString containing those characters that satisfy the
-- predicate.
filter :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
--filter f (LPS xs) = LPS (filterMap (P.filter' f) xs)
filter p = LPS . P.loopArr . loopL (P.filterEFL p) P.NoAcc . unLPS
{-# INLINE filter #-}
{-
-- | /O(n)/ and /O(n\/c) space/ A first order equivalent of /filter .
-- (==)/, for the common case of filtering a single byte. It is more
-- efficient to use /filterByte/ in this case.
--
-- > filterByte == filter . (==)
--
-- filterByte is around 10x faster, and uses much less space, than its
-- filter equivalent
filterByte :: Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString
filterByte w ps = replicate (count w ps) w
-- filterByte w (LPS xs) = LPS (filterMap (P.filterByte w) xs)
-- | /O(n)/ A first order equivalent of /filter . (\/=)/, for the common
-- case of filtering a single byte out of a list. It is more efficient
-- to use /filterNotByte/ in this case.
--
-- > filterNotByte == filter . (/=)
--
-- filterNotByte is around 2x faster than its filter equivalent.
filterNotByte :: Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString
filterNotByte w (LPS xs) = LPS (filterMap (P.filterNotByte w) xs)
-}
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Searching for substrings
-- | /O(n)/ The 'isPrefixOf' function takes two ByteStrings and returns 'True'
-- iff the first is a prefix of the second.
isPrefixOf :: ByteString -> ByteString -> Bool
isPrefixOf (LPS as) (LPS bs) = isPrefixL as bs
where isPrefixL [] _ = True
isPrefixL _ [] = False
isPrefixL (x:xs) (y:ys) | P.length x == P.length y = x == y && isPrefixL xs ys
| P.length x < P.length y = x == yh && isPrefixL xs (yt:ys)
| otherwise = xh == y && isPrefixL (xt:xs) ys
where (xh,xt) = P.splitAt (P.length y) x
(yh,yt) = P.splitAt (P.length x) y
-- | /O(n)/ The 'isSuffixOf' function takes two ByteStrings and returns 'True'
-- iff the first is a suffix of the second.
--
-- The following holds:
--
-- > isSuffixOf x y == reverse x `isPrefixOf` reverse y
--
-- However, the real implemenation uses memcmp to compare the end of the
-- string only, with no reverse required..
--
--isSuffixOf :: ByteString -> ByteString -> Bool
--isSuffixOf = error "not yet implemented"
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Zipping
-- | /O(n)/ 'zip' takes two ByteStrings and returns a list of
-- corresponding pairs of bytes. If one input ByteString is short,
-- excess elements of the longer ByteString are discarded. This is
-- equivalent to a pair of 'unpack' operations.
zip :: ByteString -> ByteString -> [(Word8,Word8)]
zip = zipWith (,)
-- | 'zipWith' generalises 'zip' by zipping with the function given as
-- the first argument, instead of a tupling function. For example,
-- @'zipWith' (+)@ is applied to two ByteStrings to produce the list of
-- corresponding sums.
zipWith :: (Word8 -> Word8 -> a) -> ByteString -> ByteString -> [a]
zipWith _ (LPS []) (LPS _) = []
zipWith _ (LPS _) (LPS []) = []
zipWith f (LPS (a:as)) (LPS (b:bs)) = zipWith' a as b bs
where zipWith' x xs y ys =
(f (P.unsafeHead x) (P.unsafeHead y) : zipWith'' (P.unsafeTail x) xs (P.unsafeTail y) ys)
zipWith'' x [] _ _ | P.null x = []
zipWith'' _ _ y [] | P.null y = []
zipWith'' x xs y ys | not (P.null x)
&& not (P.null y) = zipWith' x xs y ys
zipWith'' x xs _ (y':ys) | not (P.null x) = zipWith' x xs y' ys
zipWith'' _ (x':xs) y ys | not (P.null y) = zipWith' x' xs y ys
zipWith'' _ (x':xs) _ (y':ys) = zipWith' x' xs y' ys
-- | /O(n)/ 'unzip' transforms a list of pairs of bytes into a pair of
-- ByteStrings. Note that this performs two 'pack' operations.
{-
unzip :: [(Word8,Word8)] -> (ByteString,ByteString)
unzip _ls = error "not yet implemented"
{-# INLINE unzip #-}
-}
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Special lists
-- | /O(n)/ Return all initial segments of the given 'ByteString', shortest first.
inits :: ByteString -> [ByteString]
inits = (LPS [] :) . inits' . unLPS
where inits' [] = []
inits' (x:xs) = L.map (\x' -> LPS [x']) (L.tail (P.inits x))
++ L.map (\(LPS xs') -> LPS (x:xs')) (inits' xs)
-- | /O(n)/ Return all final segments of the given 'ByteString', longest first.
tails :: ByteString -> [ByteString]
tails = tails' . unLPS
where tails' [] = LPS [] : []
tails' xs@(x:xs')
| P.length x == 1 = LPS xs : tails' xs'
| otherwise = LPS xs : tails' (P.unsafeTail x : xs')
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Low level constructors
-- | /O(n)/ Make a copy of the 'ByteString' with its own storage.
-- This is mainly useful to allow the rest of the data pointed
-- to by the 'ByteString' to be garbage collected, for example
-- if a large string has been read in, and only a small part of it
-- is needed in the rest of the program.
copy :: ByteString -> ByteString
copy (LPS lps) = LPS (L.map P.copy lps)
--TODO, we could coalese small blocks here
--FIXME: probably not strict enough, if we're doing this to avoid retaining
-- the parent blocks then we'd better copy strictly.
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- TODO defrag func that concatenates block together that are below a threshold
-- defrag :: Int -> ByteString -> ByteString
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Lazy ByteString IO
-- | Read entire handle contents /lazily/ into a 'ByteString'. Chunks
-- are read on demand, in at most @k@-sized chunks. It does not block
-- waiting for a whole @k@-sized chunk, so if less than @k@ bytes are
-- available then they will be returned immediately as a smaller chunk.
hGetContentsN :: Int -> Handle -> IO ByteString
hGetContentsN k h = lazyRead >>= return . LPS
where
lazyRead = unsafeInterleaveIO loop
loop = do
ps <- P.hGetNonBlocking h k
--TODO: I think this should distinguish EOF from no data available
-- the otherlying POSIX call makes this distincion, returning either
-- 0 or EAGAIN
if P.null ps
then do eof <- hIsEOF h
if eof then return []
else hWaitForInput h (-1)
>> loop
else do pss <- lazyRead
return (ps : pss)
-- | Read @n@ bytes into a 'ByteString', directly from the
-- specified 'Handle', in chunks of size @k@.
hGetN :: Int -> Handle -> Int -> IO ByteString
hGetN _ _ 0 = return empty
hGetN k h n = readChunks n >>= return . LPS
where
STRICT1(readChunks)
readChunks i = do
ps <- P.hGet h (min k i)
case P.length ps of
0 -> return []
m -> do pss <- readChunks (i - m)
return (ps : pss)
-- | hGetNonBlockingN is similar to 'hGetContentsN', except that it will never block
-- waiting for data to become available, instead it returns only whatever data
-- is available. Chunks are read on demand, in @k@-sized chunks.
hGetNonBlockingN :: Int -> Handle -> Int -> IO ByteString
#if defined(__GLASGOW_HASKELL__)
hGetNonBlockingN _ _ 0 = return empty
hGetNonBlockingN k h n = readChunks n >>= return . LPS
where
STRICT1(readChunks)
readChunks i = do
ps <- P.hGetNonBlocking h (min k i)
case P.length ps of
0 -> return []
m -> do pss <- readChunks (i - m)
return (ps : pss)
#else
hGetNonBlockingN = hGetN
#endif
-- | Read entire handle contents /lazily/ into a 'ByteString'. Chunks
-- are read on demand, using the default chunk size.
hGetContents :: Handle -> IO ByteString
hGetContents = hGetContentsN defaultChunkSize
-- | Read @n@ bytes into a 'ByteString', directly from the specified 'Handle'.
hGet :: Handle -> Int -> IO ByteString
hGet = hGetN defaultChunkSize
-- | hGetNonBlocking is similar to 'hGet', except that it will never block
-- waiting for data to become available, instead it returns only whatever data
-- is available.
#if defined(__GLASGOW_HASKELL__)
hGetNonBlocking :: Handle -> Int -> IO ByteString
hGetNonBlocking = hGetNonBlockingN defaultChunkSize
#else
hGetNonBlocking = hGet
#endif
-- | Read an entire file /lazily/ into a 'ByteString'.
readFile :: FilePath -> IO ByteString
readFile f = openBinaryFile f ReadMode >>= hGetContents
-- | Write a 'ByteString' to a file.
writeFile :: FilePath -> ByteString -> IO ()
writeFile f txt = bracket (openBinaryFile f WriteMode) hClose
(\hdl -> hPut hdl txt)
-- | Append a 'ByteString' to a file.
appendFile :: FilePath -> ByteString -> IO ()
appendFile f txt = bracket (openBinaryFile f AppendMode) hClose
(\hdl -> hPut hdl txt)
-- | getContents. Equivalent to hGetContents stdin. Will read /lazily/
getContents :: IO ByteString
getContents = hGetContents stdin
-- | Outputs a 'ByteString' to the specified 'Handle'.
hPut :: Handle -> ByteString -> IO ()
hPut h (LPS xs) = mapM_ (P.hPut h) xs
-- | Write a ByteString to stdout
putStr :: ByteString -> IO ()
putStr = hPut stdout
-- | Write a ByteString to stdout, appending a newline byte
putStrLn :: ByteString -> IO ()
putStrLn ps = hPut stdout ps >> hPut stdout (singleton 0x0a)
-- | The interact function takes a function of type @ByteString -> ByteString@
-- as its argument. The entire input from the standard input device is passed
-- to this function as its argument, and the resulting string is output on the
-- standard output device. It's great for writing one line programs!
interact :: (ByteString -> ByteString) -> IO ()
interact transformer = putStr . transformer =<< getContents
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Internal utilities
-- Common up near identical calls to `error' to reduce the number
-- constant strings created when compiled:
errorEmptyList :: String -> a
errorEmptyList fun = moduleError fun "empty ByteString"
moduleError :: String -> String -> a
moduleError fun msg = error ("Data.ByteString.Lazy." ++ fun ++ ':':' ':msg)
-- A manually fused version of "filter (not.null) . map f", since they
-- don't seem to fuse themselves. Really helps out filter*, concatMap.
--
-- TODO fuse.
--
filterMap :: (S.ByteString -> S.ByteString) -> [S.ByteString] -> [S.ByteString]
filterMap _ [] = []
filterMap f (x:xs) = case f x of
y | P.null y -> filterMap f xs -- manually fuse the invariant filter
| otherwise -> y : filterMap f xs
{-# INLINE filterMap #-}
-- | 'findIndexOrEnd' is a variant of findIndex, that returns the length
-- of the string if no element is found, rather than Nothing.
findIndexOrEnd :: (Word8 -> Bool) -> S.ByteString -> Int
findIndexOrEnd k (P.PS x s l) = P.inlinePerformIO $ withForeignPtr x $ \f -> go (f `plusPtr` s) 0
where
STRICT2(go)
go ptr n | n >= l = return l
| otherwise = do w <- peek ptr
if k w
then return n
else go (ptr `plusPtr` 1) (n+1)
{-# INLINE findIndexOrEnd #-}
|
