GO INSTALLATION ON PLAN 9/386
=============================
This is a standalone procedure for installing Go 1.26.4 on a stock
9legacy Plan 9/386 machine such as gnot.
Download the files on a 9legacy machine, on another host, or by any other
method available to you. Transfer them to gnot by your own method. The
only requirement is that all files arrive in:
/usr/glenda/incoming
Replace "glenda" with the user who will own the installation.
The bootstrap chain is:
go1.4.3 built by 8c / 8l
go1.17.13 built by go1.4.3
go1.20.14 built by go1.17.13
go1.22.12 built by go1.20.14
go1.24.13 built by go1.22.12
go1.26.4 built by go1.24.13
Go 1.4.3 is the seed: its compiler can still be built from C. Later
releases require the preceding Go compiler as their bootstrap compiler.
1. DOWNLOAD THE FILES
=====================
Download these six source archives:
go1.4.3.src.tar.gz
https://dl.google.com/go/go1.4.3.src.tar.gz
go1.17.13.src.tar.gz
https://dl.google.com/go/go1.17.13.src.tar.gz
go1.20.14.src.tar.gz
https://dl.google.com/go/go1.20.14.src.tar.gz
go1.22.12.src.tar.gz
https://dl.google.com/go/go1.22.12.src.tar.gz
go1.24.13.src.tar.gz
https://dl.google.com/go/go1.24.13.src.tar.gz
go1.26.4.src.tar.gz
https://dl.google.com/go/go1.26.4.src.tar.gz
Also download the 9legacy fix for the Go 1.4.3 seed:
syscall-exec.diff
http://9legacy.org/go/patch/syscall-exec.diff
The Go release index is:
https://go.dev/dl/
Keep the exact filenames above. Transfer all seven files to gnot and put
them in /usr/glenda/incoming.
2. CHECKSUMS
============
The SHA-256 checksums are listed below. The filename is on a separate line
so that the note remains within 80 columns.
9947fc705b0b841b5938c48b22dc33e9647ec0752bae66e50278df4f23f64959
go1.4.3.src.tar.gz
a1a48b23afb206f95e7bbaa9b898d965f90826f6f1d1fc0c1d784ada0cd300fd
go1.17.13.src.tar.gz
1aef321a0e3e38b7e91d2d7eb64040666cabdcc77d383de3c9522d0d69b67f4e
go1.20.14.src.tar.gz
012a7e1f37f362c0918c1dfa3334458ac2da1628c4b9cf4d9ca02db986e17d71
go1.22.12.src.tar.gz
639a6204c2486b137df1eb6e78ee3ed038f9877d0e4b5a465e796a2153f858d7
go1.24.13.src.tar.gz
4f668a32fbfc1132e6a881fb968c2f1dada631492a339211735fbb255a42602d
go1.26.4.src.tar.gz
32e108211b056128562a712f2b188db5e27a299f7b36ac9f68c0f6b75fc7cb05
syscall-exec.diff
Go 1.4.3 has no publisher-provided SHA-256 value. The digest above is
the digest of the archive used here. Its extracted source was independently
compared with the signed go1.4.3 GitHub tag:
https://github.com/golang/go/releases/tag/go1.4.3
3. PREPARE GNOT
===============
Log in as the user who will own the installation. Check the architecture
and the Plan 9 C toolchain:
echo $objtype
grep '^(CC|LD|O)=' /$objtype/mkfile
The output must be:
386
CC=8c
LD=8l
O=8
Create the incoming directory if necessary and check that all seven files
are present:
mkdir -p /usr/glenda/incoming
ls -l /usr/glenda/incoming
Allow about 1.2 GB of free space while building the ladder. On the tested
single-core gnot, the complete build took about two hours.
4. VERIFY THE TRANSFER ON GNOT
==============================
Run these commands on gnot after transferring the files:
cd /usr/glenda/incoming
sha1sum -2 256 go1.4.3.src.tar.gz
sha1sum -2 256 go1.17.13.src.tar.gz
sha1sum -2 256 go1.20.14.src.tar.gz
sha1sum -2 256 go1.22.12.src.tar.gz
sha1sum -2 256 go1.24.13.src.tar.gz
sha1sum -2 256 go1.26.4.src.tar.gz
sha1sum -2 256 syscall-exec.diff
Plan 9 calls the command "sha1sum" even when calculating SHA-256. Compare
the hexadecimal digest itself with section 2. Plan 9 prints a tab before
the filename. Do not build from a missing or mismatched file.
5. BUILD THE C BOOTSTRAP SEED
=============================
Change to the user's home directory, unpack the seed, and rename it
immediately. Every archive extracts to a directory named "go".
cd /usr/glenda
tar xf /usr/glenda/incoming/go1.4.3.src.tar.gz
mv go go1.4.3
Apply the only patch used by this procedure:
cd /usr/glenda/go1.4.3
ape/patch -p1 < /usr/glenda/incoming/syscall-exec.diff
Build the seed:
cd /usr/glenda/go1.4.3/src
GOROOT=()
GOROOT_BOOTSTRAP=()
make.rc
The first build message should mention "Building C bootstrap tool" and
"cmd/dist". This shows that 8c and 8l, rather than an existing Go
compiler, are building the seed.
Verify it before continuing:
/usr/glenda/go1.4.3/bin/go version
Expected output:
go version go1.4.3 plan9/386
6. BUILD EACH GO-ON-GO RUNG
===========================
Build the following pairs in order:
previous compiler source archive new directory
----------------- ------------- ------------
go1.4.3 go1.17.13.src.tar.gz go1.17.13
go1.17.13 go1.20.14.src.tar.gz go1.20.14
go1.20.14 go1.22.12.src.tar.gz go1.22.12
go1.22.12 go1.24.13.src.tar.gz go1.24.13
go1.24.13 go1.26.4.src.tar.gz go1.26.4
For each row, replace PREV, ARCHIVE, and NEW in this block:
cd /usr/glenda
tar xf /usr/glenda/incoming/ARCHIVE
mv go NEW
cd /usr/glenda/NEW/src
GOROOT=()
GOROOT_BOOTSTRAP=/usr/glenda/PREV
GO_TEST_TIMEOUT_SCALE=3
make.rc
For example, the first rung is:
cd /usr/glenda
tar xf /usr/glenda/incoming/go1.17.13.src.tar.gz
mv go go1.17.13
cd /usr/glenda/go1.17.13/src
GOROOT=()
GOROOT_BOOTSTRAP=/usr/glenda/go1.4.3
GO_TEST_TIMEOUT_SCALE=3
make.rc
Use make.rc, not all.rc, for these five intermediate builds. After each
build, verify its version before continuing:
/usr/glenda/NEW/bin/go version
After the final build, the output must be:
go version go1.26.4 plan9/386
Do not delete previous rungs until the next rung passes its version check.
If disk space is tight, remove only a previous rung after its successor is
verified:
rm -rf /usr/glenda/PREV
rm -rf /usr/glenda/lib/cache/go-build
7. INSTALL THE FINAL TOOLCHAIN
==============================
Keep the final tree at /usr/glenda/go1.26.4. Do not rename it to
/usr/glenda/go. Plan 9's default GOPATH is /usr/glenda/go, and Go cannot
use the same directory as both GOROOT and GOPATH.
Edit /usr/glenda/lib/profile. In the terminal profile branch, before it
starts the interactive program, add:
GOROOT=/usr/glenda/go1.26.4
GOTOOLCHAIN=local
bind -a $GOROOT/bin /bin
GOTOOLCHAIN=local prevents the go command from trying to download a newer
toolchain for a module that requests one. rc exports variables when they
are assigned; no separate export command is needed.
Start a new shell, or run the assignments and bind command in the current
shell. Check the installation:
go version
go env GOROOT GOPATH GOTOOLCHAIN
Expected values include:
go version go1.26.4 plan9/386
GOROOT='/usr/glenda/go1.26.4'
GOPATH='/usr/glenda/go'
GOTOOLCHAIN='local'
8. TEST COMPILATION AND RUNTIME
===============================
Create a small program:
mkdir -p /usr/glenda/go/src/hello
cd /usr/glenda/go/src/hello
Create hello.go:
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
fmt.Println("hello from plan9/386")
}
Build and run it:
go build
./hello
9. TEST GO'S OWN TLS
====================
Create net.go:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
r, err := http.Get("https://go.dev/VERSION?m=text")
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("error:", err)
return
}
defer r.Body.Close()
b, _ := io.ReadAll(r.Body)
fmt.Printf("%s\n", b)
}
Build and run it:
go build -o net net.go
./net
A Go version string proves compilation, execution, certificate validation,
and an HTTPS connection all work. An x509 error usually means that
/sys/lib/tls/ca.pem is absent or unreadable.
This procedure does not use libsec for Go TLS. Go uses its own TLS
implementation.
COMMON MISTAKES
===============
* Do not skip checksum verification on gnot.
* Rename each extracted "go" directory before unpacking the next archive.
* Clear GOROOT before every build with GOROOT=().
* Set GOROOT_BOOTSTRAP only to the previous verified rung.
* Use make.rc for intermediate rungs; reserve all.rc for an optional full
test run after installation.
* Do not use /usr/glenda/go as GOROOT.
* If a rung builds but its go binary crashes, keep that rung and stop.
Add an intermediate supported release rather than continuing with a
runtime failure.
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